PEN
Xây lắp III Petrolimex ·HNX ·2026Q1
▼ Under pressure
TTM · Applied to: EPS, ROE, ROA, Net Margin, Asset Turnover, Debt/Equity
What Is Changing
On a TTM 2026Q1 basis, PEN is maintaining revenue, but margins are compressing slightly — profit is at an all-time high. More notably, most of the profit comes from non-core sources — this needs careful evaluation before concluding on growth quality.
| Metric | Q1'26 | Q4'25 | Q3'25 | Q2'25 | Q1'25 | Q4'24 | Q3'24 | Q2'24 | Q1'24 | Q4'23 | Q3'23 | Q2'23 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | 42.4 | 195.2 | 90.1 | 55.6 | 51.0 | 97.1 | 67.3 | 82.0 | 22.1 | 67.1 | 22.9 | 33.0 |
| Growth | -78% | +117% | +62% | +9% | -47% | +44% | -18% | +271% | -67% | +194% | -31% | — |
| Net Income | -4.1 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 2.6 | -1.7 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 3.0 | -2.5 | -0.9 | -5.8 | -6.6 |
| Net Margin | -9.70% | 0.27% | 0.58% | 4.73% | -3.30% | 0.23% | 0.41% | 3.68% | -11.32% | -1.27% | -25.37% | -19.91% |
Drivers of PEN's profit
Net profit attributable to parent declined vs last year, mainly due to higher finance costs. Supporting and offsetting drivers:
Net profit attributable to parent declined vs prior quarter, mainly due to higher finance costs. Supporting and offsetting drivers:
Financial Highlights
Detailed analysis of each financial dimension
ROE = Profit Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier
ROE fell from 3.3% to -0.8% — net margin weakened the most, though asset turnover and leverage still provided support.
Is the profit sustainable?
Margins are under pressure while earnings still rely significantly on non-core sources.
What is driving the margin?
Net margin narrowed to -0.11%, falling 0.7pp. The main pressure is Gross margin fell 0.9pp, outweighing the improvement in SG&A / Revenue fell 2.5pp (in addition, Other profit / Revenue rose 0.1pp added support while Net financial result / Revenue fell 2.4pp remained a drag).
Margin is under pressure from multiple sides — temporary and structural components need to be separated to properly assess the risk.
Profitability trend
TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1
Watchpoints
Even though contribution decreased by 2.3pp, financial result still accounts for 2598.4% of PBT — earnings durability should be monitored in coming periods.
Is capital being used efficiently?
Capital efficiency for construction contractors should be read alongside project progress and receivables collection from developers — ROIC fluctuates with handover cycles.
Is capital being deployed efficiently?
Track how much operating profit the business generates on invested capital.
For construction contractors, ROIC moves with backlog and project acceptance timing — this is a reference signal and should be read alongside working-capital cycles.
CAPITAL EFFICIENCY TREND
TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1
Balance Sheet
ROIC for construction contractors swings with project progress and handover cycles — the balance sheet below adds perspective. Leverage runs above the construction contractors average — project acceptance cycles warrant monitoring — liabilities at 4.44x equity, net debt at 2.36x equity.
Inventory ended the period at 49.6bn, roughly 15.3% of total assets.
Over the last 12 months, working capital absorbed 83.3bn of cash, mainly because of higher receivables and higher inventories.
Working Capital Drivers
TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1
Working Capital Efficiency
Working capital is being managed more efficiently, supporting overall capital efficiency. Cash conversion cycle improved by 1.7 days versus the same period last year. The main moves came from DIO fell 1.9 days, DSO rose 8.0 days, and DPO rose 7.8 days.
Working capital cycle is flat — components are offsetting each other.
For construction contractors, DSO/DIO/DPO/CCC can be distorted by project progress, work-in-progress receivables, and milestone acceptance timing — these metrics should be read alongside developer payment cycles.
Watchpoints
CCC stands at 113.7 days, suggesting that working capital remains tied up for a relatively long operating cycle.
DSO increased by +8.0 days, pointing to slower receivables turnover.
Working Capital Efficiency
TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1
Is financial risk significant?
High leverage combined with negative operating cash flow — this area needs close monitoring.
Leverage & Liquidity
Leverage warrants monitoring, with net debt / equity at 2.36x and interest coverage only at -0.13x.
At present, short-term debt accounts for 80.5% of total debt, cash equals 6.0% of debt, and total debt stands at 139.1bn.
Leverage for construction contractors fluctuates with project working capital, performance guarantees, and progress receivables — should be read alongside receivables quality and developer payment cycles.
Watchpoints
Net debt / equity stands at 2.36x, increasing balance-sheet pressure.
Interest coverage is -0.13x, leaving limited room to absorb financing costs.
Leverage and liquidity trend
TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1
Cash Flow
High leverage combined with cash flow below reveals the actual liquidity pressure. Operating cash flow reached -57.3bn in 2025, against investing cash flow of -1.1bn.
Post-investment cash flow was negative +58.4bn. Financing cash flow was positive +59.9bn.
CFO / net income was 188.21x.
Track how much investment can be funded internally from operating cash flow.
For construction contractors, FCF swings sharply with project progress and payment cycles — should be read alongside backlog and receivables quality.
Cash Conversion
TTM Cash Conversion · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1
Investment Takeaway
The business is under real pressure, but the current picture has not turned broadly adverse. A notable area has clearly weakened, making the near-term outlook hard to call bright; even so, other parts of the business are still holding up, with leverage and liquidity remaining the main constraint, with interest coverage at -0.13x. The next watchpoint is the earnings mix, when non-core contribution is 2326.5%.
Watchpoint: cash flow is currently keeping pace with accounting earnings, with CFO / net income at 188.21x. Even so, net financial result still accounts for 2326.5% of PBT, so the earnings mix still needs monitoring.
Key risk: leverage and liquidity still require discipline, with interest coverage only at -0.13x.
Statement Data
| Item | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Net Revenue
|
388.4 | 268.5 | 134.0 | 157.3 | 131.6 |
|
Cost of Goods Sold
|
361.4 | 246.8 | 126.4 | 140.8 | 0.0 |
|
Gross Profit
|
27.0 | 21.6 | 7.5 | 16.5 | 11.6 |
|
Financial Expenses
|
10.0 | 5.2 | 6.2 | 7.9 | -9.9 |
|
Selling Expenses
|
0.2 | 0.1 | 0.6 | 0.4 | -0.2 |
|
General and Administrative Expenses
|
18.5 | 21.0 | 15.5 | 11.5 | -23.5 |
|
Operating Profit
|
1.1 | -0.2 | -14.2 | -1.4 | -13.6 |
|
Profit Before Tax
|
1.8 | 1.0 | -14.7 | 0.4 | -7.3 |
|
Net Income
|
1.8 | 1.0 | -15.5 | 0.4 | -7.2 |
|
Profit Attributable to Parent
|
1.8 | 1.0 | -15.5 | 0.4 | -7.2 |
|
Earnings per Share
|
350.00 | 202.00 | -3,090.00 | 83.00 | -1,449.00 |
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