SPD

Xuất nhập khẩu Thủy sản Miền Trung ·UPCOM ·2026Q1

▼ Slightly negative

Leverage and liquidity require close discipline Debt/equity 0.75x
Price
8,500
Latest close
29 May 2026
P/E 13.57x
P/B 0.72x
EPS 626
BVPS 11,862
ROE 5.5%
ROA 2.0%
Profit Margin 0.9%
Asset Turnover 2.22x
Equity Mult. 2.72x

TTM · Applied to: EPS, ROE, ROA, Net Margin, Asset Turnover, Debt/Equity

What Is Changing

On a TTM 2026Q1 basis, SPD is maintaining revenue, but margins are compressing slightly — profit momentum has been slowing across consecutive periods. What remains unclear is whether this is a short-term fluctuation or costs are starting to outpace revenue.

TTM REVENUE
VND 825bn
+9.6%YoY
NET MARGIN
0.91%
−0.3ppYoY
TTM NET PROFIT
VND 8bn
−19.5%YoY
Metric Q1'26 Q4'25 Q3'25 Q2'25 Q1'25 Q4'24 Q3'24 Q2'24 Q1'24 Q4'23 Q3'23 Q2'23
Revenue 190.4 209.3 222.1 203.6 190.4 211.2 179.4 172.1 162.6 216.9 199.0 185.6
Growth -9% -6% +9% +7% -10% +18% +4% +6% -25% +9% +7%
Net Income -0.9 3.2 3.3 1.9 -0.9 4.8 3.1 2.3 -1.8 0.2 0.1 0.2
Net Margin -0.45% 1.51% 1.51% 0.92% -0.45% 2.28% 1.71% 1.34% -1.13% 0.08% 0.05% 0.11%

Drivers of SPD's profit

TTM

Net profit attributable to parent declined vs last year, mainly due to higher administrative expenses. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Finance costs ↓ 4.4bn
Gross profit ↑ 2.7bn
Administrative expenses ↑ 4.2bn
Financial income ↓ 1.7bn
Other profit ↓ 1.2bn
Selling expenses ↑ 0.2bn
TTM

Net profit attributable to parent declined vs prior quarter, mainly due to higher administrative expenses. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Finance costs ↓ 1.8bn
Financial income ↑ 0.7bn
Administrative expenses ↑ 3.1bn
Gross profit ↓ 0.7bn

Financial Highlights

Detailed analysis of each financial dimension

ROE = Profit Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier

2025Q1 7.4% = 1.2% × 1.86 × 3.20
2026Q1 5.5% = 0.9% × 2.22 × 2.72

ROE fell from 7.4% to 5.5% — leverage weakened the most, though asset turnover still provided support.

Net margin: 0.9% -0.3pp Asset turnover: 2.22x +0.36x Leverage: 2.72x -0.48x

Is the profit sustainable?

Margins narrowed but earnings quality remains clean — pressure is mainly operational.

very positive positive stable watch under pressure

What is driving the margin?

Net margin narrowed to 0.91%, falling 0.3pp. The main pressure is Gross margin fell 0.5pp, outweighing the improvement in SG&A / Revenue fell 0.1pp (in addition, Net financial result / Revenue rose 0.4pp added support while Other profit / Revenue fell 0.1pp remained a drag).

The pressure comes from core operations — this is a concerning type of decline, not a one-off movement.

Profitability trend

Net Margin 0.91% −0.3pp
Gross Margin 8.75% −0.5pp
SG&A / Revenue 6.80% −0.1pp

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Is capital being used efficiently?

Capital efficiency should be read in industry context — ROIC may fluctuate with business specifics.

Is capital being deployed efficiently?

Track how much operating profit the business generates on invested capital.

Industry characteristics make ROIC cyclical — this is a reference signal and should be read with the business context.

CAPITAL EFFICIENCY TREND

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

ROIC
NOPAT Margin
Capital Turnover 2.59x +0.48x
Average Invested Capital 318.5bn −37.7bn

Balance Sheet

ROIC above should be read with industry context — the balance sheet below adds perspective. Capital structure is balanced — liabilities at 1.73x equity, net debt at 0.92x equity.

Inventory ended the period at 209.1bn, roughly 54.9% of total assets.

Over the last 12 months, working capital released 0.0bn of cash.

Working Capital Drivers

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables were broadly stable → neutral CFO:
Inventories were broadly stable → neutral CFO:
Payables were broadly stable → neutral CFO:

Working Capital Efficiency

Working capital is being managed more efficiently, supporting overall capital efficiency. Cash conversion cycle improved by 29.6 days versus the same period last year. The main moves came from DIO fell 25.5 days, DSO fell 5.5 days, and DPO fell 1.3 days.

Improvement comes mainly from faster inventory turnover — watch whether this trend persists in coming periods.

Watchpoints

Cash conversion cycle remains stretched

CCC stands at 148.0 days, suggesting that working capital remains tied up for a relatively long operating cycle.

Working Capital Efficiency

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables 70.4 days −5.5 days
Inventory 83.9 days −25.5 days
Payables 6.3 days −1.3 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 148.0 days −29.6 days

Is financial risk significant?

Financial risk is low — leverage is safe, both CFO and FCF are positive.

Leverage & Liquidity

Leverage warrants monitoring, with net debt / equity at 0.92x and interest coverage only at 0.75x.

At present, short-term debt accounts for 98.4% of total debt, cash equals 19.1% of debt, and total debt stands at 161.5bn.

Watchpoints

Interest coverage is thin

Interest coverage is 0.75x, leaving limited room to absorb financing costs.

Short-term refinancing pressure is meaningful

Short-term debt accounts for 98.4% of total debt, raising near-term refinancing needs.

Leverage and liquidity trend

Net Debt / Equity 0.92x −0.86x
Interest Coverage 0.75x +0.24x
Cash / Debt 19.1% +8.5pp
Short-term Debt / Total Debt 98.4% +0.5pp
CFO / NI 14.48x +14.72x

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Cash Flow

With safe leverage noted above, cash flow below shows the self-funding capacity. Operating cash flow reached 37.4bn in 2025, against investing cash flow of -5.5bn.

Post-investment cash flow was positive +31.9bn. Financing cash flow was negative +44.0bn.

CFO / net income was 14.48x.

After spending +6.9bn on fixed-asset investment, the business generated trailing free cash flow of +102.0bn.

Cash Conversion

TTM Cash Conversion · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

CFO TTM 108.9bn +111.1bn
Cash Capex 6.9bn +0.8bn
FCF TTM +102.0bn +110.3bn

Investment Takeaway

The business is under real pressure, but the current picture has not turned broadly adverse. A notable area has clearly weakened, making the near-term outlook hard to call bright; even so, other parts of the business are still holding up, with leverage and liquidity remaining the main constraint, with interest coverage at 0.75x. The next watchpoint is capital efficiency. The main offsetting support comes from cash generation.

Improvement: cash generation is recovering, with trailing-12M FCF improving by 110.3bn versus the same period last year.

Watchpoint: Capital efficiency needs cycle context.

Key risk: leverage and liquidity still require discipline, with interest coverage only at 0.75x.

Statement Data

Item 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
Net Revenue
825.3 725.3 751.8 901.3 812.4
Cost of Goods Sold
753.1 655.9 685.4 818.3 0.0
Gross Profit
72.2 69.4 66.4 83.0 62.4
Financial Expenses
13.8 17.0 20.2 18.5 -13.2
Selling Expenses
15.6 15.2 15.9 25.7 -15.6
General and Administrative Expenses
40.5 35.9 38.6 43.1 -35.6
Operating Profit
10.3 8.5 0.7 6.5 2.1
Profit Before Tax
10.0 9.2 0.7 7.5 2.3
Net Income
7.5 8.3 0.7 7.5 0.3
Profit Attributable to Parent
7.5 8.3 0.7 7.5 0.3
Earnings per Share
625.00 696.00 60.00 626.00 21.15

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