VAV

VIWACO ·UPCOM ·2026Q1

▼▼ Declining sharply

Margins remain under pressure Net margin 13.14%, −8.76pp YoY
Price
33,600
Latest close
02 Jun 2026
P/E 9.77x
P/B 1.83x
EPS 3,438
BVPS 18,405
ROE 17.8%
ROA 12.0%
Profit Margin 13.1%
Asset Turnover 0.91x
Equity Mult. 1.49x

TTM · Applied to: EPS, ROE, ROA, Net Margin, Asset Turnover, Debt/Equity

What Is Changing

On a TTM 2026Q1 basis, VAV is retaining some revenue, but margins are collapsing sharply — profit momentum has been slowing across consecutive periods. Costs or the profit mix are deteriorating faster than revenue is declining — this is the factor to watch ahead of everything else.

TTM REVENUE
VND 1,118bn
+4.0%YoY
NET MARGIN
13.14%
−8.8ppYoY
TTM NET PROFIT
VND 147bn
−37.6%YoY
Metric Q1'26 Q4'25 Q3'25 Q2'25 Q1'25 Q4'24 Q3'24 Q2'24 Q1'24 Q4'23 Q3'23 Q2'23
Revenue 240.6 308.2 277.9 291.2 238.2 301.8 268.2 266.7 223.8 249.0 232.4 187.4
Growth -22% +11% -5% +22% -21% +13% +1% +19% -10% +7% +24%
Net Income 28.2 52.9 29.6 36.3 54.2 74.6 59.8 46.8 39.8 34.2 40.5 11.0
Net Margin 11.71% 17.17% 10.64% 12.46% 22.77% 24.73% 22.28% 17.54% 17.77% 13.72% 17.42% 5.90%

Drivers of VAV's profit

TTM

Net profit attributable to parent declined vs last year, mainly due to lower gross profit. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Tax ↓ 21.9bn
Gross profit ↓ 121.4bn
TTM

Net profit attributable to parent declined vs prior quarter, mainly due to lower gross profit. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Tax ↓ 6.5bn
Gross profit ↓ 34.2bn

Financial Highlights

Detailed analysis of each financial dimension

ROE = Profit Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier

2025Q1 35.4% = 21.9% × 1.07 × 1.51
2026Q1 17.8% = 13.1% × 0.91 × 1.49

ROE fell from 35.4% to 17.8% — all three components weakened, with asset turnover being the main drag.

Net margin: 13.1% -8.8pp Asset turnover: 0.91x -0.16x Leverage: 1.49x -0.02x

Is the profit sustainable?

Margins narrowed but earnings quality remains clean — pressure is mainly operational.

very positive positive stable watch under pressure

What is driving the margin?

Net margin fell to 13.14%, losing 8.8pp. The main pressure is Gross margin fell 12.1pp, outweighing the improvement in SG&A / Revenue fell 0.6pp (with additional support from Net financial result / Revenue rose 0.6pp).

The pressure comes from core operations — this is a concerning type of decline, not a one-off movement.

Profitability trend

Net Margin 13.14% −8.8pp
Gross Margin 19.79% −12.1pp
SG&A / Revenue 4.77% −0.6pp

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Is capital being used efficiently?

Capital efficiency for utilities should be read alongside regulated tariffs and long-cycle depreciation — ROIC of 30.8% reflects a large fixed-asset base.

Is capital being deployed efficiently?

ROIC fell to 30.79%, losing 25.0pp. That translates to 30.79 in after-tax operating profit for every 100 units of operating capital. Both NOPAT margin narrowed 8.7pp and capital turnover fell 0.21x, while invested capital rose by 56bn — pressure came from both operational efficiency and asset efficiency.

For utilities, ROIC reflects returns on a large fixed-asset base — this is a reference signal and should be read alongside regulated tariffs.

CAPITAL EFFICIENCY TREND

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

ROIC 30.79% −25.0pp
NOPAT Margin 13.14% −8.7pp
Capital Turnover 2.34x −0.21x
Average Invested Capital 477.0bn +56.0bn

Balance Sheet

ROIC for utilities reflects a large fixed-asset base and regulated tariffs — the balance sheet below adds perspective. Balance sheet is exceptionally sound — liabilities at 0.55x equity, with a net cash position equivalent to 0.38x equity.

Over the last 12 months, working capital released 32.6bn of cash, mainly thanks to lower receivables and higher payables. Pressure from higher inventories only partly offset that benefit.

Working Capital Drivers

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables decreased → higher CFO: +15.7bn
Inventories increased → lower CFO: −21.7bn
Payables increased → higher CFO: +38.6bn

Working Capital Efficiency

Working capital is being managed more efficiently, supporting overall capital efficiency. Cash conversion cycle improved by 7.2 days versus the same period last year. The main moves came from DIO rose 2.7 days, DSO fell 1.5 days, and DPO rose 8.4 days.

Extended payment timing is the main driver — consider whether this trades off supplier relationships.

For utilities, working capital cycle reflects regulated pricing mechanics and long-term settlement contracts — DSO/DIO/DPO should be treated as contextual signals rather than pure efficiency indicators.

Watchpoints

Inventory turnover is slowing

DIO increased by +2.7 days, suggesting more capital is being tied up in inventories.

Working Capital Efficiency

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables 2.9 days −1.5 days
Inventory 11.0 days +2.7 days
Payables 60.5 days +8.4 days
Cash Conversion Cycle -46.7 days −7.2 days

Is financial risk significant?

Financial risk is low — the company has net cash and CFO reached 140.4bn.

Leverage & Liquidity

Leverage looks fairly comfortable, with net debt / equity at -0.38x and interest coverage at 35.11x.

At present, short-term debt accounts for 14.9% of total debt, cash equals 334.6% of debt, and total debt stands at 141.4bn.

Leverage for utilities reflects long-term capital needs for fixed assets and recovery through regulated pricing — elevated leverage is structural to the industry.

Leverage and liquidity trend

Net Debt / Equity -0.38x +0.10x
Interest Coverage 35.11x −3.25x
Cash / Debt 334.6% −99.2pp
Short-term Debt / Total Debt 14.9% −4.3pp
CFO / NI 1.45x +0.27x

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Cash Flow

With safe leverage noted above, cash flow below shows the self-funding capacity. Operating cash flow reached 140.4bn in 2025, against investing cash flow of -217.5bn.

Post-investment cash flow was negative +77.1bn. Financing cash flow was negative +2.6bn.

CFO / net income was 1.45x.

After spending +206.6bn on fixed-asset investment, the business generated trailing free cash flow of +7.1bn.

For utilities, high capex and long investment cycles are structural — short-term FCF volatility does not reflect long-term cash generation through regulated pricing.

Cash Conversion

TTM Cash Conversion · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

CFO TTM 213.7bn −64.7bn
Cash Capex 206.6bn +148.7bn
FCF TTM +7.1bn −213.4bn

Investment Takeaway

The business is under real pressure, but the current picture has not turned broadly adverse. A notable area has clearly weakened, making the near-term outlook hard to call bright; even so, other parts of the business are still holding up, with margins remain under pressure remaining the main constraint, with net margin down 8.8 pp. The next watchpoint is capital efficiency, with ROIC at 30.8%. The main offsetting support comes from earnings conversion is confirmed, with CFO/NI at 1.45x.

Improvement: earnings conversion looks more confirmed, with CFO / net income at 1.45x.

Watchpoint: Capital efficiency needs cycle context.

Key risk: profitability remains under pressure, with trailing-12M net margin at 13.14% after a 8.8pp decline versus the same period last year.

Statement Data

Item 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
Net Revenue
1,120.4 1,071.3 838.6 675.5 650.4
Cost of Goods Sold
866.8 727.5 660.6 533.3 0.0
Gross Profit
253.6 343.8 178.0 142.2 123.7
Financial Expenses
6.9 9.8 13.8 13.4 -11.2
Selling Expenses
19.8 23.7 24.3 20.2 -24.5
General and Administrative Expenses
20.5 30.8 23.7 17.0 -12.6
Operating Profit
226.8 292.6 126.9 96.4 80.9
Profit Before Tax
226.9 293.1 127.4 99.5 87.1
Net Income
180.2 230.4 108.2 87.2 77.9
Profit Attributable to Parent
180.2 230.4 108.2 87.2 77.9
Earnings per Share
3,754.00 7,200.00 3,382.00 2,727.00 4,273.00

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