NBT

Cấp thoát nước Bến Tre ·UPCOM ·2026Q1

▼ Under pressure

Capital efficiency needs cycle context ROE 11.89%
Price
16,000
Latest close
04 Jun 2026
P/E 9.58x
P/B 1.04x
EPS 1,670
BVPS 15,358
ROE 12.5%
ROA 10.7%
Profit Margin 23.1%
Asset Turnover 0.46x
Equity Mult. 1.16x

TTM · Applied to: EPS, ROE, ROA, Net Margin, Asset Turnover, Debt/Equity

What Is Changing

On a TTM 2026Q1 basis, NBT is declining across multiple metrics versus the same period, suggesting current pressure is not coming from just one side — profit momentum has been slowing across consecutive periods. What remains unclear is whether the business can stabilize before this trend deepens.

TTM REVENUE
VND 245bn
+1.7%YoY
NET MARGIN
23.05%
−0.9ppYoY
TTM NET PROFIT
VND 56bn
−2.0%YoY
Metric Q1'26 Q4'25 Q3'25 Q2'25 Q1'25 Q4'24 Q3'24 Q2'24 Q1'24 Q4'23 Q3'23 Q2'23
Revenue 62.9 56.4 59.0 66.8 59.8 53.7 56.6 71.0 61.0 54.7 55.8 61.6
Growth +11% -4% -12% +12% +11% -5% -20% +16% +12% -2% -9%
Net Income 12.6 10.5 16.7 16.7 13.1 11.3 12.4 20.8 15.0 12.3 14.5 16.5
Net Margin 20.10% 18.59% 28.32% 24.96% 22.00% 21.02% 21.96% 29.30% 24.65% 22.53% 25.97% 26.79%

Drivers of NBT's profit

TTM

Net profit attributable to parent declined vs last year, mainly due to higher selling expenses. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Gross profit ↑ 7.0bn
Other profit ↑ 3.1bn
Finance costs ↓ 1.4bn
Financial income ↑ 0.7bn
Selling expenses ↑ 7.0bn
Administrative expenses ↑ 6.6bn
TTM

Net profit attributable to parent declined vs prior quarter, mainly due to higher selling expenses. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Gross profit ↑ 1.5bn
Other profit ↑ 0.2bn
Finance costs ↓ 0.2bn
Financial income ↑ 0.1bn
Selling expenses ↑ 1.4bn
Administrative expenses ↑ 1.2bn

Financial Highlights

Detailed analysis of each financial dimension

ROE = Profit Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier

2025Q1 12.9% = 23.9% × 0.45 × 1.20
2026Q1 12.5% = 23.1% × 0.46 × 1.16

ROE is broadly flat at 12.5% — the components are offsetting one another.

Net margin: 23.1% -0.9pp Asset turnover: 0.46x +0.02x Leverage: 1.16x -0.04x

Is the profit sustainable?

Margins narrowed but earnings quality remains clean — pressure is mainly operational.

very positive positive stable watch under pressure

What is driving the margin?

Net margin narrowed to 23.05%, falling 0.9pp. The main pressure is SG&A / Revenue rose 5.0pp, outweighing the improvement in Gross margin rose 1.8pp (with additional support from Other profit / Revenue rose 1.3pp and Net financial result / Revenue rose 0.9pp).

Margin is under pressure from multiple sides — temporary and structural components need to be separated to properly assess the risk.

Profitability trend

Net Margin 23.05% −0.9pp
Gross Margin 65.94% +1.8pp
SG&A / Revenue 37.60% +5.0pp

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Is capital being used efficiently?

Capital efficiency for utilities should be read alongside regulated tariffs and long-cycle depreciation — ROIC of 11.9% reflects a large fixed-asset base.

Is capital being deployed efficiently?

ROIC narrowed to 11.89%, falling 0.5pp. That translates to 11.89 in after-tax operating profit for every 100 units of operating capital. The main pressure came from NOPAT margin narrowed 1.9pp, outweighing the movement in capital turnover; with invested capital holding roughly steady.

For utilities, ROIC reflects returns on a large fixed-asset base — this is a reference signal and should be read alongside regulated tariffs.

CAPITAL EFFICIENCY TREND

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

ROIC 11.89% −0.5pp
NOPAT Margin 21.99% −1.9pp
Capital Turnover 0.54x +0.02x
Average Invested Capital 453.4bn −10.7bn

Balance Sheet

ROIC for utilities reflects a large fixed-asset base and regulated tariffs — the balance sheet below adds perspective. Balance sheet is exceptionally sound — liabilities at 0.16x equity, with a net cash position equivalent to 0.01x equity.

Over the last 12 months, working capital released 0.0bn of cash.

Working Capital Drivers

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables were broadly stable → neutral CFO:
Inventories were broadly stable → neutral CFO:
Payables were broadly stable → neutral CFO:

Working Capital Efficiency

Cash conversion cycle lengthened by 3.8 days versus the same period last year. The main moves came from DIO rose 4.9 days, DSO fell 12.3 days, and DPO fell 11.2 days.

Working capital cycle lengthened mainly due to slower receivables collection — receivables quality needs monitoring.

For utilities, working capital cycle reflects regulated pricing mechanics and long-term settlement contracts — DSO/DIO/DPO should be treated as contextual signals rather than pure efficiency indicators.

Watchpoints

Cash conversion cycle is lengthening

CCC is up by +3.8 days, indicating weaker working-capital turnover versus the prior year.

Inventory turnover is slowing

DIO increased by +4.9 days, suggesting more capital is being tied up in inventories.

Working Capital Efficiency

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables 1.5 days −12.3 days
Inventory 65.4 days +4.9 days
Payables 28.5 days −11.2 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 38.5 days +3.8 days

Is financial risk significant?

Financial risk is low — the company has net cash and CFO reached 77.8bn.

Leverage & Liquidity

Leverage looks fairly comfortable, with net debt / equity at -0.01x and interest coverage at 12.57x.

At present, short-term debt accounts for 23.6% of total debt, cash equals 105.8% of debt, and total debt stands at 49.4bn.

Leverage for utilities reflects long-term capital needs for fixed assets and recovery through regulated pricing — elevated leverage is structural to the industry.

Leverage and liquidity trend

Net Debt / Equity -0.01x −0.01x
Interest Coverage 12.57x +2.02x
Cash / Debt 105.8% +10.8pp
Short-term Debt / Total Debt 23.6% −15.1pp
CFO / NI 1.49x −0.08x

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Cash Flow

With safe leverage noted above, cash flow below shows the self-funding capacity. Operating cash flow reached 77.8bn in 2025, against investing cash flow of -32.9bn.

Post-investment cash flow was positive +44.9bn. Financing cash flow was negative +67.2bn.

CFO / net income was 1.49x.

After spending +32.7bn on fixed-asset investment, the business generated trailing free cash flow of +51.6bn.

For utilities, high capex and long investment cycles are structural — short-term FCF volatility does not reflect long-term cash generation through regulated pricing.

Cash Conversion

TTM Cash Conversion · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

CFO TTM 84.3bn −6.4bn
Cash Capex 32.7bn +2.8bn
FCF TTM +51.6bn −9.2bn

Investment Takeaway

The business is under real pressure, but the current picture has not turned broadly adverse. A notable area has clearly weakened, making the near-term outlook hard to call bright; even so, other parts of the business are still holding up, with some core pressures remaining the main constraint. The next watchpoint is capital efficiency, with ROIC at 11.9%. The main offsetting support comes from earnings conversion is confirmed, with CFO/NI at 1.49x.

Improvement: earnings conversion looks more confirmed, with CFO / net income at 1.49x.

Watchpoint: Capital efficiency needs cycle context.

Statement Data

Item 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
Net Revenue
241.9 242.3 225.8 215.5 206.5
Cost of Goods Sold
82.5 89.0 83.4 77.0 0.0
Gross Profit
159.4 153.3 142.4 138.5 123.6
Financial Expenses
5.4 6.5 4.5 4.1 -5.1
Selling Expenses
63.7 56.1 53.2 50.9 -45.8
General and Administrative Expenses
28.7 21.5 19.3 18.7 -17.4
Operating Profit
62.4 69.4 65.6 65.5 57.0
Profit Before Tax
65.3 69.7 66.9 65.8 57.7
Net Income
54.0 57.8 55.4 54.6 47.6
Profit Attributable to Parent
54.0 57.8 55.4 54.6 47.6
Earnings per Share
1,607.00 1,764.00 1,666.00 1,605.00 1,441.00

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