HPW

Cấp nước Hải Phòng ·UPCOM ·2026Q1

▲▲ Improving positively

Operating efficiency is improving Net margin 12.15%, +3.83pp YoY
Price
23,300
Latest close
02 Jun 2026
P/E 10.36x
P/B 1.47x
EPS 2,249
BVPS 15,852
ROE 14.6%
ROA 7.7%
Profit Margin 12.0%
Asset Turnover 0.64x
Equity Mult. 1.91x

TTM · Applied to: EPS, ROE, ROA, Net Margin, Asset Turnover, Debt/Equity

What Is Changing

On a TTM 2026Q1 basis, HPW has not accelerated revenue sharply, but profitability is improving visibly — profit is at an all-time high. Profit growth is driven mainly by better operations rather than scale expansion — a foundation that tends to be more durable.

TTM REVENUE
VND 1,395bn
+3.8%YoY
NET MARGIN
12.15%
+3.8ppYoY
TTM NET PROFIT
VND 170bn
+51.6%YoY
Metric Q1'26 Q4'25 Q3'25 Q2'25 Q1'25 Q4'24 Q3'24 Q2'24 Q1'24 Q4'23 Q3'23 Q2'23
Revenue 331.2 347.3 370.3 346.2 324.8 331.1 351.9 336.2 271.1 291.8 298.9 284.0
Growth -5% -6% +7% +7% -2% -6% +5% +24% -7% -2% +5%
Net Income 30.2 46.8 55.7 36.8 19.3 31.2 39.2 22.1 18.1 28.5 36.0 20.1
Net Margin 9.13% 13.47% 15.03% 10.64% 5.93% 9.43% 11.13% 6.58% 6.69% 9.78% 12.04% 7.09%

Drivers of HPW's profit

TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs last year, mainly helped by higher gross profit. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Gross profit ↑ 55.8bn
Finance costs ↓ 21.6bn
Other profit ↑ 6.9bn
Tax ↑ 14.5bn
Selling expenses ↑ 9.3bn
Administrative expenses ↑ 6.8bn
TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs prior quarter, mainly helped by higher gross profit. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Gross profit ↑ 14.5bn
Financial income ↑ 2.3bn
Finance costs ↓ 2.2bn
Selling expenses ↑ 4.0bn
Tax ↑ 2.7bn
Administrative expenses ↑ 1.4bn

Financial Highlights

Detailed analysis of each financial dimension

ROE = Profit Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier

2025Q1 10.2% = 8.3% × 0.62 × 1.97
2026Q1 14.9% = 12.2% × 0.64 × 1.91

ROE rose from 10.2% to 14.9% — mainly driven by net margin, despite leverage moving in the opposite direction.

Net margin: 12.2% +3.8pp Asset turnover: 0.64x +0.02x Leverage: 1.91x -0.06x

Is the profit sustainable?

Margins are improving and earnings quality is solid — a durable foundation for ROE.

very positive positive stable watch under pressure

What is driving the margin?

Net margin expanded to 12.15%, rising 3.8pp. Core operating signals are improving as Gross margin rose 2.7pp are enough to offset pressure from SG&A / Revenue rose 0.4pp (with additional support from Net financial result / Revenue rose 2.0pp and Other profit / Revenue rose 0.5pp).

Margin improves from both core operations and non-core items — the core foundation is positive, but the sustainability of non-core contributions needs monitoring.

Profitability trend

Net Margin 12.15% +3.8pp
Gross Margin 38.90% +2.7pp
SG&A / Revenue 21.41% +0.4pp

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Is capital being used efficiently?

Capital efficiency for utilities should be read alongside regulated tariffs and long-cycle depreciation — ROIC of 8.7% reflects a large fixed-asset base.

Is capital being deployed efficiently?

ROIC expanded to 8.66%, rising 2.8pp. That translates to 8.66 in after-tax operating profit for every 100 units of operating capital. The main driver is NOPAT margin rose 3.4pp, with capital turnover broadly stable; with invested capital holding roughly steady.

For utilities, ROIC reflects returns on a large fixed-asset base — this is a reference signal and should be read alongside regulated tariffs.

CAPITAL EFFICIENCY TREND

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

ROIC 8.66% +2.8pp
NOPAT Margin 11.69% +3.4pp
Capital Turnover 0.74x +0.04x
Average Invested Capital 1,883.9bn −22.9bn

Balance Sheet

ROIC for utilities reflects a large fixed-asset base and regulated tariffs — the balance sheet below adds perspective. Capital structure is balanced — liabilities at 0.82x equity, net debt at 0.58x equity.

Over the last 12 months, working capital released 94.3bn of cash, mainly thanks to lower receivables and higher payables. Pressure from higher inventories only partly offset that benefit.

Working Capital Drivers

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables decreased → higher CFO: +34.3bn
Inventories increased → lower CFO: −10.7bn
Payables increased → higher CFO: +70.8bn

Working Capital Efficiency

Cash conversion cycle lengthened by 6.7 days versus the same period last year. The main moves came from DIO rose 6.5 days, DSO fell 0.9 days, and DPO fell 1.2 days.

Working capital cycle lengthened mainly due to slower inventory turnover — more capital is being tied up in inventory.

For utilities, working capital cycle reflects regulated pricing mechanics and long-term settlement contracts — DSO/DIO/DPO should be treated as contextual signals rather than pure efficiency indicators.

Watchpoints

Cash conversion cycle is lengthening

CCC is up by +6.7 days, indicating weaker working-capital turnover versus the prior year.

Inventory turnover is slowing

DIO increased by +6.5 days, suggesting more capital is being tied up in inventories.

Working Capital Efficiency

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables 4.6 days −0.9 days
Inventory 36.7 days +6.5 days
Payables 6.4 days −1.2 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 34.8 days +6.7 days

Is financial risk significant?

Financial risk is low — leverage is safe, both CFO and FCF are positive.

Leverage & Liquidity

Leverage is balanced for now, with net debt / equity at 0.58x and interest coverage at 2.82x.

At present, short-term debt accounts for 8.3% of total debt, cash equals 15.6% of debt, and total debt stands at 813.3bn.

Leverage for utilities reflects long-term capital needs for fixed assets and recovery through regulated pricing — elevated leverage is structural to the industry.

Watchpoints

Cash buffer is thin relative to debt

Cash / debt stands at 15.6%, leaving limited liquidity buffer to monitor.

Leverage and liquidity trend

Net Debt / Equity 0.58x −0.14x
Interest Coverage 2.82x +1.35x
Cash / Debt 15.6% +7.9pp
Short-term Debt / Total Debt 8.3% −0.7pp
CFO / NI 2.23x −0.82x

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Cash Flow

With safe leverage noted above, cash flow below shows the self-funding capacity. Operating cash flow reached 369.4bn in 2025, against investing cash flow of -216.6bn.

Post-investment cash flow was positive +152.8bn. Financing cash flow was negative +151.4bn.

CFO / net income was 2.23x.

After spending +101.9bn on fixed-asset investment, the business generated trailing free cash flow of +270.1bn.

For utilities, high capex and long investment cycles are structural — short-term FCF volatility does not reflect long-term cash generation through regulated pricing.

Cash Conversion

TTM Cash Conversion · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

CFO TTM 372.0bn +31.4bn
Cash Capex 101.9bn −5.0bn
FCF TTM +270.1bn +36.3bn

Investment Takeaway

The business is showing brightening signals, but the improvement is still early and not yet thick enough to read as a confirmed trend. The brighter spot is operating efficiency, with net margin improving 3.8 pp. The next item to monitor is capital efficiency, with ROIC at 8.7%.

Improvement: operating efficiency is getting better, with trailing-12M net margin at 12.15% after expanding 3.8pp versus the same period last year.

Watchpoint: Capital efficiency needs cycle context.

Statement Data

Item 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
Net Revenue
1,388.6 1,287.8 1,131.1 1,073.0 1,023.4
Cost of Goods Sold
860.5 804.3 681.0 646.1 0.0
Gross Profit
528.1 483.5 450.2 426.9 370.7
Financial Expenses
74.4 96.6 87.2 65.4 -26.6
Selling Expenses
168.5 155.9 152.9 149.8 -148.4
General and Administrative Expenses
124.8 117.4 108.8 105.6 -93.7
Operating Profit
190.5 137.2 127.5 121.0 122.3
Profit Before Tax
198.2 138.3 127.9 123.5 122.8
Net Income
158.6 110.7 102.1 98.8 98.2
Profit Attributable to Parent
149.8 102.5 94.3 91.1 95.1
Earnings per Share
2,019.00 1,381.00 1,271.00 1,228.00 410.00

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