BTW

Cấp nước Bến Thành ·HNX ·2026Q1

● Maintaining

Capital efficiency needs cycle context ROE 18.38%
Price
69,300
Latest close
01 Jun 2026
P/E 14.77x
P/B 2.29x
EPS 4,691
BVPS 30,233
ROE 15.6%
ROA 12.4%
Profit Margin 7.9%
Asset Turnover 1.57x
Equity Mult. 1.25x

TTM · Applied to: EPS, ROE, ROA, Net Margin, Asset Turnover, Debt/Equity

What Is Changing

On a TTM 2026Q1 basis, BTW shows virtually no significant change versus the same period — both revenue and margins are holding near prior levels — margins have been expanding consistently over multiple periods. What is still missing is a signal strong enough to tilt this picture clearly in either direction.

TTM REVENUE
VND 554bn
−0.6%YoY
NET MARGIN
7.93%
+0.3ppYoY
TTM NET PROFIT
VND 44bn
+3.7%YoY
Metric Q1'26 Q4'25 Q3'25 Q2'25 Q1'25 Q4'24 Q3'24 Q2'24 Q1'24 Q4'23 Q3'23 Q2'23
Revenue 137.1 140.1 137.1 139.5 134.1 142.8 138.7 141.4 138.5 135.3 132.9 130.9
Growth -2% +2% -2% +4% -6% +3% -2% +2% +2% +2% +2%
Net Income 14.8 8.3 12.1 8.8 18.9 -9.8 14.7 18.5 23.9 -1.0 10.0 15.0
Net Margin 10.77% 5.90% 8.79% 6.32% 14.12% -6.84% 10.61% 13.05% 17.27% -0.72% 7.49% 11.46%

Drivers of BTW's profit

TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs last year, mainly helped by better other profit. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Other profit ↑ 3.4bn
Administrative expenses ↓ 2.0bn
Finance costs ↓ 0.3bn
Selling expenses ↓ 0.2bn
Gross profit ↓ 4.0bn
Tax ↑ 0.4bn
TTM

Net profit attributable to parent declined vs prior quarter, mainly due to lower gross profit. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Other profit ↑ 3.8bn
Tax ↓ 1.0bn
Gross profit ↓ 5.1bn
Selling expenses ↑ 3.6bn
Administrative expenses ↑ 0.5bn

Financial Highlights

Detailed analysis of each financial dimension

ROE = Profit Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier

2025Q1 15.4% = 7.6% × 1.55 × 1.31
2026Q1 15.6% = 7.9% × 1.57 × 1.25

ROE is broadly flat at 15.6% — the components are offsetting one another.

Net margin: 7.9% +0.3pp Asset turnover: 1.57x +0.02x Leverage: 1.25x -0.06x

Is the profit sustainable?

Margins are improving and earnings quality is solid — a durable foundation for ROE.

very positive positive stable watch under pressure

What is driving the margin?

Net margin edged up to 7.93%, rising 0.3pp. Core operating signals are improving as SG&A / Revenue fell 0.2pp are enough to offset pressure from Gross margin fell 0.5pp (with additional support from Other profit / Revenue rose 0.6pp and Net financial result / Revenue rose 0.1pp).

Margin improves from both core operations and non-core items — the core foundation is positive, but the sustainability of non-core contributions needs monitoring.

Profitability trend

Net Margin 7.93% +0.3pp
Gross Margin 38.64% −0.5pp
SG&A / Revenue 29.66% −0.2pp

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Is capital being used efficiently?

Capital efficiency for utilities should be read alongside regulated tariffs and long-cycle depreciation — ROIC of 18.4% reflects a large fixed-asset base.

Is capital being deployed efficiently?

ROIC fell to 18.38%, losing 3.1pp. That translates to 18.38 in after-tax operating profit for every 100 units of operating capital. Both NOPAT margin narrowed 0.2pp and capital turnover fell 0.37x, with invested capital holding roughly steady — pressure came from both operational efficiency and asset efficiency.

For utilities, ROIC reflects returns on a large fixed-asset base — this is a reference signal and should be read alongside regulated tariffs.

CAPITAL EFFICIENCY TREND

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

ROIC 18.38% −3.1pp
NOPAT Margin 7.38% −0.2pp
Capital Turnover 2.49x −0.37x
Average Invested Capital 222.3bn +27.3bn

Balance Sheet

ROIC for utilities reflects a large fixed-asset base and regulated tariffs — the balance sheet below adds perspective. Balance sheet is exceptionally sound — liabilities at 0.43x equity, with a net cash position equivalent to 0.22x equity.

Over the last 12 months, working capital absorbed 15.0bn of cash, mainly because of higher receivables and higher inventories.

Working Capital Drivers

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables increased → lower CFO: −2.8bn
Inventories increased → lower CFO: −8.1bn
Payables decreased → lower CFO: −4.1bn

Working Capital Efficiency

Cash conversion cycle lengthened by 17.1 days versus the same period last year. The main moves came from DIO rose 6.5 days, DSO rose 0.6 days, and DPO fell 10.0 days.

All 3 drivers are deteriorating — working capital is becoming more deeply tied up in the operating cycle.

For utilities, working capital cycle reflects regulated pricing mechanics and long-term settlement contracts — DSO/DIO/DPO should be treated as contextual signals rather than pure efficiency indicators.

Watchpoints

Cash conversion cycle is lengthening

CCC is up by +17.1 days, indicating weaker working-capital turnover versus the prior year.

Receivables collection is slowing

DSO increased by +0.6 days, pointing to slower receivables turnover.

Working Capital Efficiency

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables 11.0 days +0.6 days
Inventory 29.9 days +6.5 days
Payables 31.2 days −10.0 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 9.6 days +17.1 days

Is financial risk significant?

Financial risk is low — the company has net cash and CFO reached 60.9bn.

Leverage & Liquidity

Leverage looks fairly comfortable, with net debt / equity at -0.22x and interest coverage at 113.90x.

At present, short-term debt accounts for 83.3% of total debt, cash equals 1386.1% of debt, and total debt stands at 4.8bn.

Leverage for utilities reflects long-term capital needs for fixed assets and recovery through regulated pricing — elevated leverage is structural to the industry.

Watchpoints

Short-term refinancing pressure is meaningful

Short-term debt accounts for 83.3% of total debt, raising near-term refinancing needs.

Leverage and liquidity trend

Net Debt / Equity -0.22x −0.02x
Interest Coverage 113.90x +43.08x
Cash / Debt 1386.1% +649.8pp
Short-term Debt / Total Debt 83.3% +37.9pp
CFO / NI 1.11x +0.38x

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Cash Flow

With safe leverage noted above, cash flow below shows the self-funding capacity. Operating cash flow reached 60.9bn in 2025, against investing cash flow of -56.1bn.

Post-investment cash flow was positive +4.8bn. Financing cash flow was negative +29.5bn.

CFO / net income was 1.11x.

After spending +34.3bn on fixed-asset investment, the business generated trailing free cash flow of +14.2bn.

For utilities, high capex and long investment cycles are structural — short-term FCF volatility does not reflect long-term cash generation through regulated pricing.

Cash Conversion

TTM Cash Conversion · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

CFO TTM 48.5bn +17.8bn
Cash Capex 34.3bn −14.5bn
FCF TTM +14.2bn +32.3bn

Investment Takeaway

The business does not yet provide a clear enough conclusion — not due to lack of data, but because the industry's nature makes many indicators prone to cyclical distortion. The reasonable reading is to keep the thesis in wait-for-confirmation mode. The brighter spot is earnings conversion is confirmed, with CFO/NI at 1.11x. The next item to monitor is capital efficiency, with ROIC at 18.4%.

Improvement: earnings conversion looks more confirmed, with CFO / net income at 1.11x.

Watchpoint: Capital efficiency needs cycle context.

Statement Data

Item 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
Net Revenue
550.9 561.5 529.8 468.7 389.7
Cost of Goods Sold
332.9 344.7 331.9 304.4 0.0
Gross Profit
218.0 216.7 197.9 164.3 128.7
Financial Expenses
0.5 0.8 1.4 1.5 -1.7
Selling Expenses
95.0 98.1 90.7 63.2 -56.0
General and Administrative Expenses
64.1 60.8 56.1 50.6 -40.3
Operating Profit
60.5 58.9 54.1 51.1 31.9
Profit Before Tax
60.5 59.0 54.7 51.3 31.9
Net Income
48.3 47.1 43.6 40.9 25.9
Profit Attributable to Parent
48.3 47.1 43.6 40.9 25.9
Earnings per Share
5,159.00 5,028.00 4,663.00 4,368.00 2,767.00

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