VPD

Phát triển Điện lực Việt Nam ·HOSE ·2026Q1

▲▲ Improving positively

Operating efficiency is improving Net margin 39.52%, +3.73pp YoY
Price
25,000
Latest close
02 Jun 2026
P/E 9.26x
P/B 1.61x
EPS 2,700
BVPS 15,527
ROE 18.8%
ROA 17.4%
Profit Margin 39.5%
Asset Turnover 0.44x
Equity Mult. 1.08x

TTM · Applied to: EPS, ROE, ROA, Net Margin, Asset Turnover, Debt/Equity

What Is Changing

On a TTM 2026Q1 basis, VPD is improving on both revenue and margins, suggesting current growth is backed by both scale and operating efficiency — the growth momentum has held across consecutive periods. The next test will be whether this pace holds as the comparison base gets tougher.

TTM REVENUE
VND 728bn
+25.0%YoY
NET MARGIN
39.52%
+3.7ppYoY
TTM NET PROFIT
VND 288bn
+38.0%YoY
Metric Q1'26 Q4'25 Q3'25 Q2'25 Q1'25 Q4'24 Q3'24 Q2'24 Q1'24 Q4'23 Q3'23 Q2'23
Revenue 107.3 188.2 259.5 173.2 84.7 147.2 244.0 106.9 88.2 137.7 167.0 122.3
Growth -43% -27% +50% +104% -42% -40% +128% +21% -36% -18% +37%
Net Income 30.6 52.5 135.2 69.5 10.7 51.4 123.7 22.8 14.0 50.5 73.1 36.0
Net Margin 28.51% 27.91% 52.09% 40.12% 12.60% 34.88% 50.72% 21.36% 15.91% 36.69% 43.79% 29.42%

Drivers of VPD's profit

TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs last year, mainly helped by higher gross profit. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Gross profit ↑ 109.5bn
Tax ↑ 21.2bn
Administrative expenses ↑ 17.6bn
TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs prior quarter, mainly helped by higher gross profit. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Gross profit ↑ 22.2bn
Financial income ↑ 3.0bn
Tax ↑ 5.1bn

Financial Highlights

Detailed analysis of each financial dimension

ROE = Profit Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier

2025Q1 13.9% = 35.8% × 0.35 × 1.12
2026Q1 18.8% = 39.5% × 0.44 × 1.08

ROE rose from 13.9% to 18.8% — mainly driven by asset turnover, despite leverage moving in the opposite direction.

Net margin: 39.5% +3.7pp Asset turnover: 0.44x +0.09x Leverage: 1.08x -0.04x

Is the profit sustainable?

Margins are improving and earnings quality is solid — a durable foundation for ROE.

very positive positive stable watch under pressure

What is driving the margin?

Net margin expanded to 39.52%, rising 3.7pp. Core operating signals are improving as Gross margin rose 4.5pp are enough to offset pressure from SG&A / Revenue rose 0.9pp (in addition, Net financial result / Revenue rose 1.5pp added support while Other profit / Revenue fell 0.3pp remained a drag).

Margin improves from both core operations and non-core items — the core foundation is positive, but the sustainability of non-core contributions needs monitoring.

Profitability trend

Net Margin 39.52% +3.7pp
Gross Margin 57.37% +4.5pp
SG&A / Revenue 8.37% +0.9pp

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Is capital being used efficiently?

Capital efficiency for utilities should be read alongside regulated tariffs and long-cycle depreciation — ROIC of 20.9% reflects a large fixed-asset base.

Is capital being deployed efficiently?

ROIC expanded to 20.93%, rising 7.1pp. That translates to 20.93 in after-tax operating profit for every 100 units of operating capital. Both NOPAT margin rose 3.9pp and capital turnover rose 0.14x, with invested capital easing slightly by 120bn — capital-return quality improved from both sides.

For utilities, ROIC reflects returns on a large fixed-asset base — this is a reference signal and should be read alongside regulated tariffs.

CAPITAL EFFICIENCY TREND

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

ROIC 20.93% +7.1pp
NOPAT Margin 39.31% +3.9pp
Capital Turnover 0.53x +0.14x
Average Invested Capital 1,367.7bn −120.1bn

Balance Sheet

ROIC for utilities reflects a large fixed-asset base and regulated tariffs — the balance sheet below adds perspective. Balance sheet is exceptionally sound — liabilities at 0.10x equity, with a net cash position equivalent to 0.20x equity.

Over the last 12 months, working capital released 0.0bn of cash.

Working Capital Drivers

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables were broadly stable → neutral CFO:
Inventories were broadly stable → neutral CFO:
Payables were broadly stable → neutral CFO:

Working Capital Efficiency

Cash conversion cycle lengthened by 1.0 days versus the same period last year. The main moves came from DIO rose 1.9 days, DSO fell 1.1 days, and DPO fell 0.2 days.

Working capital cycle is flat — components are offsetting each other.

For utilities, working capital cycle reflects regulated pricing mechanics and long-term settlement contracts — DSO/DIO/DPO should be treated as contextual signals rather than pure efficiency indicators.

Watchpoints

Cash conversion cycle is lengthening

CCC is up by +1.0 days, indicating weaker working-capital turnover versus the prior year.

Inventory turnover is slowing

DIO increased by +1.9 days, suggesting more capital is being tied up in inventories.

Working Capital Efficiency

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables 55.0 days −1.1 days
Inventory 6.5 days +1.9 days
Payables 12.0 days −0.2 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 49.5 days +1.0 days

Is financial risk significant?

Financial risk is low — the company has net cash and CFO reached 299.1bn.

Leverage & Liquidity

Leverage looks fairly comfortable, with net debt / equity at -0.20x and interest coverage at 103.14x.

At present, short-term debt accounts for 100.0% of total debt, cash equals 2134.0% of debt, and total debt stands at 16.5bn.

Leverage for utilities reflects long-term capital needs for fixed assets and recovery through regulated pricing — elevated leverage is structural to the industry.

Watchpoints

Short-term refinancing pressure is meaningful

Short-term debt accounts for 100.0% of total debt, raising near-term refinancing needs.

Leverage and liquidity trend

Net Debt / Equity -0.20x −0.20x
Interest Coverage 103.14x +75.88x
Cash / Debt 2134.0% +2037.0pp
Short-term Debt / Total Debt 100.0% +26.3pp
CFO / NI 1.33x −0.26x

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Cash Flow

With safe leverage noted above, cash flow below shows the self-funding capacity. Operating cash flow reached 299.1bn in 2025, against investing cash flow of -12.9bn.

Post-investment cash flow was positive +286.2bn. Financing cash flow was negative +226.8bn.

CFO / net income was 1.33x.

After spending +28.8bn on fixed-asset investment, the business generated trailing free cash flow of +353.3bn.

For utilities, high capex and long investment cycles are structural — short-term FCF volatility does not reflect long-term cash generation through regulated pricing.

Cash Conversion

TTM Cash Conversion · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

CFO TTM 382.1bn +51.1bn
Cash Capex 28.8bn +25.6bn
FCF TTM +353.3bn +25.4bn

Investment Takeaway

The business is showing brightening signals, but the improvement is still early and not yet thick enough to read as a confirmed trend. The brighter spot is operating efficiency, with net margin improving 3.7 pp. The next item to monitor is capital efficiency, with ROIC at 20.9%.

Improvement: operating efficiency is getting better, with trailing-12M net margin at 39.52% after expanding 3.7pp versus the same period last year.

Watchpoint: Capital efficiency needs cycle context.

Statement Data

Item 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
Net Revenue
695.9 586.2 541.9 681.3 568.6
Cost of Goods Sold
308.9 275.1 262.8 278.8 0.0
Gross Profit
387.0 311.1 279.1 402.5 298.3
Financial Expenses
4.8 10.9 25.1 48.6 -69.1
Selling Expenses
0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.0
General and Administrative Expenses
57.8 43.9 36.8 37.5 -34.6
Operating Profit
327.8 258.9 218.8 318.7 196.2
Profit Before Tax
329.8 265.8 220.0 330.1 192.2
Net Income
262.4 212.2 190.5 284.0 164.0
Profit Attributable to Parent
262.4 212.2 190.5 284.0 164.0
Earnings per Share
2,462.00 1,991.00 1,787.00 2,665.00 1,536.00

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