BSA
Thủy điện Buôn Đôn ·UPCOM ·2026Q1
▲▲ Improving positively
TTM · Applied to: EPS, ROE, ROA, Net Margin, Asset Turnover, Debt/Equity
What Is Changing
On a TTM 2026Q1 basis, BSA has not accelerated revenue sharply, but profitability is improving visibly — profit is at an all-time high. Profit growth is driven mainly by better operations rather than scale expansion — a foundation that tends to be more durable.
| Metric | Q1'26 | Q4'25 | Q3'25 | Q2'25 | Q1'25 | Q4'24 | Q3'24 | Q2'24 | Q1'24 | Q4'23 | Q3'23 | Q2'23 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | 47.7 | 140.0 | 113.3 | 64.0 | 49.9 | 104.3 | 117.2 | 40.8 | 33.8 | 109.8 | 128.4 | 48.9 |
| Growth | -66% | +24% | +77% | +28% | -52% | -11% | +187% | +21% | -69% | -14% | +162% | — |
| Net Income | 15.7 | 70.0 | 40.9 | 42.7 | 8.9 | 34.6 | 32.5 | 2.8 | 0.4 | -3.8 | 40.9 | 4.4 |
| Net Margin | 32.99% | 49.96% | 36.07% | 66.68% | 17.80% | 33.13% | 27.70% | 6.87% | 1.31% | -3.43% | 31.83% | 8.97% |
Drivers of BSA's profit
Net profit attributable to parent increased vs last year, mainly helped by higher gross profit. Supporting and offsetting drivers:
Net profit attributable to parent increased vs prior quarter, mainly helped by higher financial income. Supporting and offsetting drivers:
Financial Highlights
Detailed analysis of each financial dimension
ROE = Profit Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier
ROE rose from 8.6% to 17.8% — mainly driven by net margin, despite leverage moving in the opposite direction.
Is the profit sustainable?
Margins are improving and earnings quality is solid — a durable foundation for ROE.
What is driving the margin?
Net margin expanded to 46.37%, rising 21.2pp. The main driver is Gross margin rose 7.6pp and SG&A / Revenue fell 0.9pp, moving in line with the stronger net margin (with additional support from Net financial result / Revenue rose 13.3pp).
Margin improves from both core operations and non-core items — the core foundation is positive, but the sustainability of non-core contributions needs monitoring.
Profitability trend
TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1
Is capital being used efficiently?
Capital efficiency for utilities should be read alongside regulated tariffs and long-cycle depreciation — ROIC of 15.2% reflects a large fixed-asset base.
Is capital being deployed efficiently?
ROIC expanded to 15.17%, rising 8.5pp. That translates to 15.17 in after-tax operating profit for every 100 units of operating capital. Both NOPAT margin rose 21.0pp and capital turnover rose 0.06x, with invested capital easing slightly by 74bn — capital-return quality improved from both sides.
For utilities, ROIC reflects returns on a large fixed-asset base — this is a reference signal and should be read alongside regulated tariffs.
CAPITAL EFFICIENCY TREND
TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1
Balance Sheet
ROIC for utilities reflects a large fixed-asset base and regulated tariffs — the balance sheet below adds perspective. Capital structure is conservative with low leverage — liabilities at 0.29x equity, net debt at 0.12x equity.
Over the last 12 months, working capital absorbed 27.4bn of cash, mainly because of higher receivables and higher inventories. Part of that drag was offset by higher payables.
Working Capital Drivers
TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1
Working Capital Efficiency
Cash conversion cycle lengthened by 8.4 days versus the same period last year. The main moves came from DIO fell 7.8 days, DSO rose 17.0 days, and DPO rose 0.8 days.
Working capital cycle lengthened mainly due to slower receivables collection — receivables quality needs monitoring.
For utilities, working capital cycle reflects regulated pricing mechanics and long-term settlement contracts — DSO/DIO/DPO should be treated as contextual signals rather than pure efficiency indicators.
Watchpoints
CCC stands at 226.5 days, suggesting that working capital remains tied up for a relatively long operating cycle.
DSO increased by +17.0 days, pointing to slower receivables turnover.
Working Capital Efficiency
TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1
Is financial risk significant?
Financial risk is low — leverage is safe, both CFO and FCF are positive.
Leverage & Liquidity
Leverage looks fairly comfortable, with net debt / equity at 0.12x and interest coverage at 13.49x.
At present, short-term debt accounts for 82.6% of total debt, cash equals 0.7% of debt, and total debt stands at 119.0bn.
Leverage for utilities reflects long-term capital needs for fixed assets and recovery through regulated pricing — elevated leverage is structural to the industry.
Watchpoints
Short-term debt accounts for 82.6% of total debt, raising near-term refinancing needs.
Cash / debt stands at 0.7%, leaving limited liquidity buffer to monitor.
Leverage and liquidity trend
TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1
Cash Flow
With safe leverage noted above, cash flow below shows the self-funding capacity. Operating cash flow reached 169.8bn in 2025, against investing cash flow of -11.1bn.
Post-investment cash flow was positive +158.7bn. Financing cash flow was negative +196.2bn.
CFO / net income was 1.64x.
After spending +11.3bn on fixed-asset investment, the business generated trailing free cash flow of +266.5bn.
For utilities, high capex and long investment cycles are structural — short-term FCF volatility does not reflect long-term cash generation through regulated pricing.
Cash Conversion
TTM Cash Conversion · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1
Investment Takeaway
The business is showing brightening signals, but the improvement is still early and not yet thick enough to read as a confirmed trend. The brighter spot is operating efficiency, with net margin improving 21.2 pp. The next item to monitor is capital efficiency, with ROIC at 15.2%. The main risk still sits in leverage and liquidity, with interest coverage at 13.49x.
Improvement: operating efficiency is getting better, with trailing-12M net margin at 46.37% after expanding 21.2pp versus the same period last year.
Watchpoint: Capital efficiency needs cycle context.
Key risk: leverage and liquidity remain a pressure point, with net debt / equity at 0.12x and a thin cash buffer.
Statement Data
| Item | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Net Revenue
|
367.2 | 296.1 | 344.2 | 397.9 | 328.4 |
|
Cost of Goods Sold
|
195.6 | 183.4 | 191.3 | 193.0 | 0.0 |
|
Gross Profit
|
171.6 | 112.7 | 152.9 | 204.9 | 142.0 |
|
Financial Expenses
|
15.3 | 28.3 | 38.5 | 28.8 | -26.5 |
|
Selling Expenses
|
— | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | -0.0 |
|
General and Administrative Expenses
|
14.5 | 13.7 | 15.5 | 17.1 | -15.4 |
|
Operating Profit
|
170.8 | 75.2 | 102.0 | 161.8 | 101.9 |
|
Profit Before Tax
|
171.1 | 75.1 | 102.0 | 161.8 | 101.9 |
|
Net Income
|
162.4 | 70.3 | 97.0 | 153.7 | 96.7 |
|
Profit Attributable to Parent
|
162.4 | 70.3 | 97.0 | 153.7 | 96.7 |
|
Earnings per Share
|
2,384.00 | 1,027.00 | 1,420.00 | 2,405.00 | 1,599.00 |
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