VSF

Tổng Công ty Lương thực Miền Nam - CTCP ·UPCOM ·2026Q1

▲ Slightly positive

Cash generation is recovering CFO/NPAT 3004 bn, +1020 bn YoY
Price
26,000
Latest close
03 Jun 2026
P/E 433.33x
P/B 5.29x
EPS 60
BVPS 4,912
ROE 1.2%
ROA 0.4%
Profit Margin 0.2%
Asset Turnover 1.96x
Equity Mult. 3.40x

TTM · Applied to: EPS, ROE, ROA, Net Margin, Asset Turnover, Debt/Equity

What Is Changing

On a TTM 2026Q1 basis, VSF has not moved the needle on revenue, but profitability has edged up slightly — earnings have been recovering gradually over multiple periods. What remains unclear is whether this improvement can widen without revenue momentum to back it.

TTM REVENUE
VND 16,266bn
−49.8%YoY
NET MARGIN
0.39%
+0.3ppYoY
TTM NET PROFIT
VND 63bn
+42.0%YoY
Metric Q1'26 Q4'25 Q3'25 Q2'25 Q1'25 Q4'24 Q3'24 Q2'24 Q1'24 Q4'23 Q3'23 Q2'23
Revenue 2,949.3 3,220.5 3,807.0 6,289.2 4,496.9 4,955.0 16,505.1 6,445.3 4,797.4 4,365.5 7,328.2 6,867.5
Growth -8% -15% -39% +40% -9% -70% +156% +34% +10% -40% +7%
Net Income 5.0 21.3 18.5 18.3 4.0 2.2 27.5 10.7 10.0 31.1 21.7 9.4
Net Margin 0.17% 0.66% 0.49% 0.29% 0.09% 0.04% 0.17% 0.17% 0.21% 0.71% 0.30% 0.14%

Drivers of VSF's profit

TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs last year, mainly helped by lower selling expenses. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Selling expenses ↓ 690.4bn
Finance costs ↓ 275.9bn
Administrative expenses ↓ 171.9bn
Tax ↓ 14.1bn
Gross profit ↓ 917.9bn
Financial income ↓ 147.4bn
TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs prior quarter, mainly helped by lower selling expenses. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Selling expenses ↓ 102.2bn
Finance costs ↓ 47.7bn
Minority interests ↓ 0.2bn
Gross profit ↓ 122.5bn
Financial income ↓ 17.4bn
Administrative expenses ↑ 4.5bn

Financial Highlights

Detailed analysis of each financial dimension

ROE = Profit Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier

2025Q1 1.8% = 0.1% × 3.04 × 4.34
2026Q1 2.6% = 0.4% × 1.96 × 3.40

ROE rose from 1.8% to 2.6% — mainly driven by net margin, despite asset turnover and leverage moving in the opposite direction.

Net margin: 0.4% +0.3pp Asset turnover: 1.96x -1.08x Leverage: 3.40x -0.95x

Is the profit sustainable?

Margins are improving and earnings quality is solid — a durable foundation for ROE.

very positive positive stable watch under pressure

What is driving the margin?

Net margin stands at 0.39%, broadly flat versus the same period. Supportive factors and pressure points are offsetting one another.

Margin is nearly flat but the underlying components are moving — this is a transitional phase, more time is needed to see the real trend.

Profitability trend

Net Margin 0.39% +0.3pp
Gross Margin 10.20% +2.2pp
SG&A / Revenue 9.32% +2.0pp

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Is capital being used efficiently?

Evaluate capital, asset, and working-capital efficiency.

Is capital being deployed efficiently?

ROIC edged up to 1.02%, rising 1.0pp. That translates to 1.02 in after-tax operating profit for every 100 units of operating capital. The main driver is NOPAT margin rose 0.3pp, with capital turnover fell 1.08x; while invested capital contracted by 2,491bn.

NOPAT margin led the improvement, but the ROIC level has not yet cleared typical cost of capital — margin needs to hold in coming periods rather than being a one-period rebound.

Watchpoints

ROIC remains low

ROIC is currently 1.02% — below the typical cost-of-capital threshold; worth tracking whether upcoming periods can rise above this level.

CAPITAL EFFICIENCY TREND

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

ROIC 1.02% +1.0pp
NOPAT Margin 0.32% +0.3pp
Capital Turnover 3.16x −1.08x
Average Invested Capital 5,141.2bn −2,491.2bn

Balance Sheet

Capital structure is conservative with low leverage — liabilities at 1.87x equity, net debt at 0.49x equity.

Inventory ended the period at 1,481.2bn, roughly 21.1% of total assets.

Over the last 12 months, working capital released 2,840.4bn of cash, mainly thanks to lower receivables and lower inventories. Pressure from lower payables only partly offset that benefit.

Working Capital Drivers

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables decreased → higher CFO: +660.5bn
Inventories decreased → higher CFO: +2,214.5bn
Payables decreased → lower CFO: −34.6bn

Working Capital Efficiency

The inventory build-up noted above is reflected in a longer cash cycle. Cash conversion cycle lengthened by 23.0 days versus the same period last year. The main moves came from DIO rose 10.2 days, DSO rose 13.7 days, and DPO rose 0.9 days.

Working capital cycle lengthened mainly due to slower receivables collection — receivables quality needs monitoring.

Watchpoints

Cash conversion cycle remains stretched

CCC stands at 102.9 days, suggesting that working capital remains tied up for a relatively long operating cycle.

Receivables collection is slowing

DSO increased by +13.7 days, pointing to slower receivables turnover.

Working Capital Efficiency

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables 33.3 days +13.7 days
Inventory 74.6 days +10.2 days
Payables 4.9 days +0.9 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 102.9 days +23.0 days

Is financial risk significant?

Financial risk is low — leverage is safe, both CFO and FCF are positive.

Leverage & Liquidity

Leverage warrants monitoring, with net debt / equity at 0.49x and interest coverage only at 0.41x.

At present, short-term debt accounts for 99.7% of total debt, cash equals 43.7% of debt, and total debt stands at 2,158.1bn.

Watchpoints

Interest coverage is thin

Interest coverage is 0.41x, leaving limited room to absorb financing costs.

Short-term refinancing pressure is meaningful

Short-term debt accounts for 99.7% of total debt, raising near-term refinancing needs.

Leverage and liquidity trend

Net Debt / Equity 0.49x −1.22x
Interest Coverage 0.41x +0.40x
Cash / Debt 43.7% +30.1pp
Short-term Debt / Total Debt 99.7% −0.2pp
CFO / NI 102.49x −13537.74x

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Cash Flow

With safe leverage noted above, cash flow below shows the self-funding capacity. Operating cash flow reached 491.8bn in 2025, against investing cash flow of -49.5bn.

Post-investment cash flow was positive +442.3bn. Financing cash flow was positive +532.4bn.

CFO / net income was 102.49x.

After spending +33.5bn on fixed-asset investment, the business generated trailing free cash flow of +3,004.0bn.

Cash Conversion

TTM Cash Conversion · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

CFO TTM 3,037.6bn +1,012.6bn
Cash Capex 33.5bn −7.4bn
FCF TTM +3,004.0bn +1,020.0bn

Investment Takeaway

The business is heading the right way, but the current picture is still at partial confirmation — not yet a fully clean case. The positive points have clearly improved, showing the operating base is better than before. The brighter spot is cash generation. The next item to monitor is the earnings mix, when non-core contribution is 16.3%. The main risk still sits in capital efficiency remains weak, with ROIC at 1.0%.

Improvement: cash generation is recovering, with trailing-12M FCF improving by 1,020.0bn versus the same period last year.

Watchpoint: cash flow is currently keeping pace with accounting earnings, with CFO / net income at 102.49x. Even so, net financial result still accounts for 16.3% of PBT, so the earnings mix still needs monitoring.

Key risk: Capital efficiency remains weak.

Statement Data

Item 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
Net Revenue
17,813.5 21,460.1 23,030.7 17,303.5 16,487.0
Cost of Goods Sold
16,031.9 19,828.3 21,212.0 15,791.5 0.0
Gross Profit
1,781.6 1,631.7 1,818.7 1,512.0 956.3
Financial Expenses
225.1 296.0 386.6 294.4 -162.5
Selling Expenses
1,108.6 1,058.1 1,066.6 979.8 -827.3
General and Administrative Expenses
505.5 446.7 528.8 402.3 -372.9
Operating Profit
68.4 3.7 69.9 25.4 -325.5
Profit Before Tax
86.2 59.1 92.3 47.6 -302.5
Net Income
62.0 29.8 62.3 21.1 -327.1
Profit Attributable to Parent
28.4 4.3 23.1 -9.2 -352.2
Earnings per Share
57.00 9.00 46.00 -18.00 -724.00

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