TCO

TCO Holdings ·HOSE ·2026Q1

▲ Showing improvement

Operating efficiency is improving Net margin 3.60%, +3.15pp YoY
Price
13,650
Latest close
02 Jun 2026
P/E 10.04x
P/B 1.14x
EPS 1,359
BVPS 11,928
ROE 12.0%
ROA 2.6%
Profit Margin 3.6%
Asset Turnover 0.73x
Equity Mult. 4.58x

TTM · Applied to: EPS, ROE, ROA, Net Margin, Asset Turnover, Debt/Equity

What Is Changing

On a TTM 2026Q1 basis, TCO posted a sharp profit increase versus the same period, suggesting a clear improvement from a low base — the growth momentum has held across consecutive periods. However, operating cash flow is significantly negative relative to profit — this needs monitoring in coming periods.

TTM REVENUE
VND 1,182bn
−73.9%YoY
NET MARGIN
3.60%
+3.1ppYoY
TTM NET PROFIT
VND 43bn
+106.5%YoY
CFO / Net Income
-7.35x
negative cash flow vs profit
Metric Q1'26 Q3'25 Q2'25 Q1'25 Q4'24 Q3'24 Q2'24 Q1'24 Q4'23 Q3'23 Q2'23 Q1'23
Revenue 59.3 239.3 395.2 488.4 1,819.2 1,134.4 1,081.0 492.3 0.4 8.7 10.3 10.1
Growth -75% -39% -19% -73% +60% +5% +120% +121047% -95% -16% +3%
Net Income 0.2 3.8 5.4 33.2 4.3 5.1 2.4 8.7 4.8 0.4 1.0 1.4
Net Margin 0.29% 1.59% 1.36% 6.80% 0.24% 0.45% 0.22% 1.78% 1170.08% 4.08% 9.94% 13.95%

Drivers of TCO's profit

TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs last year, mainly helped by higher financial income. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Financial income ↑ 30.0bn
Finance costs ↓ 9.6bn
Administrative expenses ↓ 6.6bn
Selling expenses ↓ 3.5bn
Gross profit ↓ 27.5bn
TTM

Net profit attributable to parent declined vs prior quarter, mainly due to lower gross profit. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Finance costs ↓ 15.1bn
Administrative expenses ↓ 5.0bn
Gross profit ↓ 30.7bn

Financial Highlights

Detailed analysis of each financial dimension

ROE = Profit Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier

2025Q1 13.0% = 1.0% × 2.98 × 4.36
2026Q1 12.0% = 3.6% × 0.73 × 4.58

ROE fell from 13.0% to 12.0% — asset turnover weakened the most, though net margin and leverage still provided support.

Net margin: 3.6% +2.6pp Asset turnover: 0.73x -2.25x Leverage: 4.58x +0.22x

Is the profit sustainable?

Accounting profit is positive but operating cash flow has not caught up — needs more time to confirm.

very positive positive stable watch under pressure

What is driving the margin?

Net margin expanded to 3.60%, rising 3.1pp. Core operating signals are improving as Gross margin rose 3.9pp are enough to offset pressure from SG&A / Revenue rose 1.4pp (with additional support from Net financial result / Revenue rose 1.5pp and Other profit / Revenue rose 0.2pp).

Margin improves from both core operations and non-core items — the core foundation is positive, but the sustainability of non-core contributions needs monitoring.

Profitability trend

Net Margin 3.60% +3.1pp
Gross Margin 6.07% +3.9pp
SG&A / Revenue 2.18% +1.4pp

TTM YoY · 2024Q4 -> 2026Q1

Is capital being used efficiently?

Capital efficiency should be read in industry context — ROIC may fluctuate with business specifics.

Is capital being deployed efficiently?

Track how much operating profit the business generates on invested capital.

Industry characteristics make ROIC cyclical — this is a reference signal and should be read with the business context.

CAPITAL EFFICIENCY TREND

TTM YoY · 2024Q4 -> 2026Q1

ROIC
NOPAT Margin
Capital Turnover 1.00x −3.64x
Average Invested Capital 1,187.9bn +211.5bn

Balance Sheet

ROIC above should be read with industry context — the balance sheet below adds perspective. Leverage is very high, with clear pressure on the capital structure — liabilities at 4.80x equity, net debt at 2.16x equity.

Over the last 12 months, working capital absorbed 336.7bn of cash, mainly because of higher inventories and lower payables. Part of that drag was offset by lower receivables.

Working Capital Drivers

TTM YoY · 2024Q4 -> 2026Q1

Receivables decreased → higher CFO: +37.7bn
Inventories increased → lower CFO: −165.4bn
Payables decreased → lower CFO: −209.0bn

Working Capital Efficiency

Cash conversion cycle lengthened by 53.3 days versus the same period last year. The main moves came from DIO rose 19.6 days, DSO rose 90.6 days, and DPO rose 57.0 days.

Working capital cycle lengthened mainly due to slower receivables collection — receivables quality needs monitoring.

Watchpoints

Cash conversion cycle is lengthening

CCC is up by +53.3 days, indicating weaker working-capital turnover versus the prior year.

Receivables collection is slowing

DSO increased by +90.6 days, pointing to slower receivables turnover.

Working Capital Efficiency

TTM YoY · 2024Q4 -> 2026Q1

Receivables 119.5 days +90.6 days
Inventory 25.0 days +19.6 days
Payables 72.3 days +57.0 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 72.1 days +53.3 days

Is financial risk significant?

Check leverage, liquidity, and cash-flow conversion.

Leverage & Liquidity

Leverage warrants monitoring, with net debt / equity at 2.16x and interest coverage only at 1.48x.

At present, short-term debt accounts for 32.8% of total debt, cash equals 1.1% of debt, and total debt stands at 814.7bn.

Watchpoints

Net leverage is elevated

Net debt / equity stands at 2.16x, increasing balance-sheet pressure.

Interest coverage is thin

Interest coverage is 1.48x, leaving limited room to absorb financing costs.

Leverage and liquidity trend

Net Debt / Equity 2.16x −0.40x
Interest Coverage 1.48x +0.77x
Cash / Debt 1.1% −2.1pp
Short-term Debt / Total Debt 32.8% −2.5pp
CFO / NI -7.35x −15.01x

TTM YoY · 2024Q4 -> 2026Q1

Cash Flow

Leverage needs watching — cash flow below shows the ability to service debt from operations. Operating cash flow reached 159.9bn in 2024, against investing cash flow of -580.9bn.

Post-investment cash flow was negative +421.0bn. Financing cash flow was positive +446.4bn.

CFO / net income was -7.35x.

After spending +292.0bn on fixed-asset investment, the business generated trailing free cash flow of −604.6bn.

Cash Conversion

TTM Cash Conversion · 2024Q4 -> 2026Q1

CFO TTM 312.6bn −470.3bn
Cash Capex 292.0bn +256.0bn
FCF TTM −604.6bn −726.3bn

Investment Takeaway

The business is showing a few weaker signals, but the current magnitude is not yet clear enough to conclude that this is a broader weakening phase. The brighter spot is operating efficiency, with net margin improving 3.1 pp. The next item to monitor is the earnings mix, when non-core contribution is 17.1%. The main risk still sits in leverage and liquidity, with interest coverage at 1.48x.

Improvement: operating efficiency is getting better, with trailing-12M net margin at 3.60% after expanding 3.1pp versus the same period last year.

Watchpoint: the earnings mix still needs monitoring, with net financial result still accounting for 17.1% of PBT and CFO / net income currently at -7.35x.

Key risk: leverage and liquidity still require discipline, with interest coverage only at 1.48x.

Statement Data

Item 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020
Net Revenue
3,538.2 29.5 1,386.2 242.6 170.4
Cost of Goods Sold
3,439.6 23.4 1,366.7 0.0 0.0
Gross Profit
98.6 6.1 19.5 28.8 36.4
Financial Expenses
47.4 0.2 5.1 -0.4 -0.1
Selling Expenses
4.2 0.0 3.3 -0.3 -0.2
General and Administrative Expenses
29.9 10.5 16.4 -52.1 -19.5
Operating Profit
34.9 8.6 44.3 53.5 19.5
Profit Before Tax
33.8 9.0 44.1 55.0 21.2
Net Income
21.3 7.2 41.1 47.1 18.1
Profit Attributable to Parent
21.3 7.2 44.4 47.1 17.9
Earnings per Share
679.00 372.00 2,306.00 1,991.00 1,071.00

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