CPA

Cà phê Phước An ·UPCOM ·2026Q1

▲ Slightly positive

Operating efficiency is improving Net margin −17.07%, +45.87pp YoY
Price
8,800
Latest close
14 May 2026
P/E -50.92x
P/B 6.68x
EPS -173
BVPS 1,317
ROE -11.6%
ROA -4.2%
Profit Margin -17.1%
Asset Turnover 0.25x
Equity Mult. 2.73x

TTM · Applied to: EPS, ROE, ROA, Net Margin, Asset Turnover, Debt/Equity

What Is Changing

On a TTM 2026Q1 basis, CPA posted a sharp profit increase versus the same period, suggesting a clear improvement from a low base — profit is at an all-time high. More notably, profit relies heavily on non-core sources while operating cash flow is negative — these two factors together suggest earnings quality needs cautious evaluation.

TTM REVENUE
VND 24bn
−8.3%YoY
NET MARGIN
−17.07%
+45.9ppYoY
TTM NET PROFIT
−VND 4bn
+75.1%YoY
Net financial result / PBT
63.8%
affects earnings quality
Metric Q1'26 Q4'25 Q3'25 Q2'25 Q1'25 Q4'24 Q3'24 Q2'24 Q1'24 Q4'23 Q3'23 Q2'23
Revenue 2.7 6.2 11.4 3.6 3.1 5.9 11.5 5.6 7.3 5.1 7.7 2.0
Growth -57% -46% +216% +16% -47% -49% +105% -23% +44% -34% +285%
Net Income 0.2 -4.0 -0.4 0.2 -1.3 -13.3 -1.3 -0.4 -1.6 -6.0 -1.4 -3.7
Net Margin 6.10% -65.03% -3.17% 4.26% -43.19% -226.74% -11.65% -7.60% -21.42% -118.26% -18.65% -181.91%

Drivers of CPA's profit

TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs last year, mainly helped by lower administrative expenses. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Administrative expenses ↓ 13.5bn
Other profit ↑ 2.1bn
Gross profit ↓ 3.4bn
TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs prior quarter, mainly helped by better other profit. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Other profit ↑ 1.9bn
Gross profit ↑ 0.2bn
Administrative expenses ↑ 0.4bn
Financial income ↓ 0.2bn

Financial Highlights

Detailed analysis of each financial dimension

ROE = Profit Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier

2025Q1 -34.4% = -62.9% × 0.23 × 2.34
2026Q1 -11.6% = -17.1% × 0.25 × 2.73

ROE rose from -34.4% to -11.6% — all three components improved, with net margin contributing the most.

Net margin: -17.1% +45.9pp Asset turnover: 0.25x +0.01x Leverage: 2.73x +0.39x

Is the profit sustainable?

Accounting profit is positive but operating cash flow has not caught up — needs more time to confirm.

very positive positive stable watch under pressure

What is driving the margin?

Net margin expanded to -17.07%, rising 45.9pp. Core operating signals are improving as SG&A / Revenue fell 49.8pp are enough to offset pressure from Gross margin fell 12.0pp (in addition, Other profit / Revenue rose 8.5pp added support while Net financial result / Revenue fell 0.4pp remained a drag).

The improvement comes from core operations — this is a high-quality margin expansion.

Profitability trend

Net Margin -17.07% +45.9pp
Gross Margin 14.22% −12.0pp
SG&A / Revenue 24.78% −49.8pp
Non-core / Revenue -6.51% +8.1pp

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Watchpoints

Financial result is supporting margin

Financial result accounts for 89.3% of PBT and lifted net margin by 8.1pp — separate the operating contribution from this source.

Is capital being used efficiently?

Capital efficiency should be read in industry context — ROIC may fluctuate with business specifics.

Is capital being deployed efficiently?

Track how much operating profit the business generates on invested capital.

Industry characteristics make ROIC cyclical — this is a reference signal and should be read with the business context.

CAPITAL EFFICIENCY TREND

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

ROIC
NOPAT Margin
Capital Turnover 0.35x +0.04x
Average Invested Capital 67.8bn −14.7bn

Balance Sheet

ROIC above should be read with industry context — the balance sheet below adds perspective. Leverage is very high, with clear pressure on the capital structure — liabilities at 2.01x equity, net debt at 2.01x equity.

Inventory ended the period at 21.0bn, roughly 22.5% of total assets.

Over the last 12 months, working capital absorbed 3.9bn of cash, mainly because of higher receivables and higher inventories. Part of that drag was offset by higher payables.

Working Capital Drivers

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables increased → lower CFO: −3.9bn
Inventories increased → lower CFO: −0.9bn
Payables increased → higher CFO: +0.9bn

Working Capital Efficiency

Cash conversion cycle lengthened by 6.7 days versus the same period last year. The main moves came from DIO rose 5.2 days, DSO fell 2.2 days, and DPO fell 3.8 days.

Working capital cycle lengthened mainly due to slower inventory turnover — more capital is being tied up in inventory.

Watchpoints

Cash conversion cycle remains stretched

CCC stands at 390.6 days, suggesting that working capital remains tied up for a relatively long operating cycle.

Inventory turnover is slowing

DIO increased by +5.2 days, suggesting more capital is being tied up in inventories.

Working Capital Efficiency

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables 6.8 days −2.2 days
Inventory 458.9 days +5.2 days
Payables 75.1 days −3.8 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 390.6 days +6.7 days

Is financial risk significant?

Check leverage, liquidity, and cash-flow conversion.

Leverage & Liquidity

Leverage warrants monitoring, with net debt / equity at 2.01x and interest coverage only at -1.89x.

At present, short-term debt accounts for 100.0% of total debt, cash equals 4.8% of debt, and total debt stands at 32.0bn.

Watchpoints

Net leverage is elevated

Net debt / equity stands at 2.01x, increasing balance-sheet pressure.

Interest coverage is thin

Interest coverage is -1.89x, leaving limited room to absorb financing costs.

Leverage and liquidity trend

Net Debt / Equity 2.01x +1.14x
Interest Coverage -1.89x +3.20x
Cash / Debt 4.8% +3.3pp
Short-term Debt / Total Debt 100.0%
CFO / NI -0.36x −0.36x

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Cash Flow

Leverage needs watching — cash flow below shows the ability to service debt from operations. Operating cash flow reached 3.0bn in 2025, against investing cash flow of -1.6bn.

Post-investment cash flow was positive +1.3bn. Financing cash flow was negative +1.0bn.

CFO / net income was -0.36x.

After spending +2.7bn on fixed-asset investment, the business generated trailing free cash flow of −1.2bn.

Cash Conversion

TTM Cash Conversion · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

CFO TTM 1.5bn +1.5bn
Cash Capex 2.7bn +2.4bn
FCF TTM −1.2bn −0.9bn

Investment Takeaway

The business is showing a few weaker signals, but the current magnitude is not yet clear enough to conclude that this is a broader weakening phase. The brighter spot is operating efficiency, with net margin improving 45.9 pp. Even so, earnings quality still needs closer monitoring because net financial result remains elevated. The main risk still sits in leverage and liquidity, with interest coverage at -1.89x.

Improvement: operating efficiency is getting better, with trailing-12M net margin at -17.07% after expanding 45.9pp versus the same period last year.

Watchpoint: the earnings mix still needs monitoring, with net financial result still accounting for 63.8% of PBT and CFO / net income currently at -0.36x.

Key risk: leverage and liquidity still require discipline, with interest coverage only at -1.89x.

Statement Data

Item 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
Net Revenue
24.0 30.3 22.6 63.8 58.7
Cost of Goods Sold
22.5 23.6 19.4 63.9 0.0
Gross Profit
1.5 6.8 3.2 -0.1 4.7
Financial Expenses
2.8 3.1 3.9 3.0 -2.3
Selling Expenses
0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 -1.5
General and Administrative Expenses
5.1 20.6 15.9 10.3 -10.5
Operating Profit
-6.8 -17.3 -17.0 -13.9 -9.5
Profit Before Tax
-9.9 -16.6 -15.9 -16.4 -14.8
Net Income
-9.9 -16.6 -15.9 -16.4 -14.8
Profit Attributable to Parent
-9.9 -16.6 -15.9 -16.4 -14.8
Earnings per Share
-420.00 -704.00 -672.00 -694.00 -78.00

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