TVN

Tổng Công ty Thép Việt Nam - CTCP ·UPCOM ·2026Q1

▲▲ Improving positively

Earnings conversion is confirmed CFO/NPAT 1.19x
Price
10,700
Latest close
03 Jun 2026
P/E 10.71x
P/B 0.69x
EPS 999
BVPS 15,506
ROE 5.8%
ROA 2.2%
Profit Margin 1.3%
Asset Turnover 1.77x
Equity Mult. 2.63x

TTM · Applied to: EPS, ROE, ROA, Net Margin, Asset Turnover, Debt/Equity

What Is Changing

On a TTM 2026Q1 basis, TVN is growing strongly on the back of scale expansion, while margins have only improved slightly — margins have been expanding consistently over multiple periods. What is still missing is the ability to translate this revenue momentum into more visible margin improvement.

TTM REVENUE
VND 46,456bn
+20.1%YoY
NET MARGIN
1.36%
+0.6ppYoY
TTM NET PROFIT
VND 631bn
+108.4%YoY
Metric Q1'26 Q4'25 Q3'25 Q2'25 Q1'25 Q4'24 Q3'24 Q2'24 Q1'24 Q4'23 Q3'23 Q2'23
Revenue 13,658.2 12,556.1 9,611.7 10,630.1 10,030.0 9,874.3 8,698.0 10,076.7 7,513.5 8,125.6 7,947.3 6,754.2
Growth +9% +31% -10% +6% +2% +14% -14% +34% -8% +2% +18%
Net Income 184.5 26.3 152.3 268.4 100.6 196.0 -123.5 129.9 45.9 -11.2 -171.9 -284.3
Net Margin 1.35% 0.21% 1.58% 2.53% 1.00% 1.99% -1.42% 1.29% 0.61% -0.14% -2.16% -4.21%

Drivers of TVN's profit

TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs last year, mainly helped by higher gross profit. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Gross profit ↑ 874.4bn
Financial income ↑ 115.1bn
Associates income ↑ 93.7bn
Administrative expenses ↑ 300.1bn
Selling expenses ↑ 287.7bn
Finance costs ↑ 104.2bn
TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs prior quarter, mainly helped by higher gross profit. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Gross profit ↑ 298.1bn
Associates income ↑ 79.0bn
Other profit ↑ 13.9bn
Selling expenses ↑ 97.7bn
Administrative expenses ↑ 91.0bn
Financial income ↓ 65.1bn

Financial Highlights

Detailed analysis of each financial dimension

ROE = Profit Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier

2025Q1 3.2% = 0.8% × 1.55 × 2.66
2026Q1 6.3% = 1.4% × 1.77 × 2.63

ROE rose from 3.2% to 6.3% — mainly driven by asset turnover, despite leverage moving in the opposite direction.

Net margin: 1.4% +0.6pp Asset turnover: 1.77x +0.21x Leverage: 2.63x -0.03x

Is the profit sustainable?

Margins are improving and earnings quality is solid — a durable foundation for ROE.

very positive positive stable watch under pressure

What is driving the margin?

Net margin edged up to 1.36%, rising 0.6pp. Core operating signals are improving as Gross margin rose 1.3pp are enough to offset pressure from SG&A / Revenue rose 0.8pp (in addition, Net financial result / Revenue rose 0.0pp added support while Other profit / Revenue fell 0.1pp remained a drag).

The improvement comes from core operations — this is a high-quality margin expansion.

Profitability trend

Net Margin 1.36% +0.6pp
Gross Margin 4.58% +1.3pp
SG&A / Revenue 3.53% +0.8pp

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Is capital being used efficiently?

Evaluate capital, asset, and working-capital efficiency.

Is capital being deployed efficiently?

ROIC expanded to 3.36%, rising 1.9pp. That translates to 3.36 in after-tax operating profit for every 100 units of operating capital. Both NOPAT margin rose 0.6pp and capital turnover rose 0.32x, while invested capital rose by 928bn — capital-return quality improved from both sides.

NOPAT margin is the main cushion preventing ROIC from slipping as invested capital keeps expanding — the quality of this improvement depends on whether margin holds once the new capital is fully deployed.

Watchpoints

ROIC remains low

ROIC is currently 3.36% — below the typical cost-of-capital threshold; worth tracking whether upcoming periods can rise above this level.

CAPITAL EFFICIENCY TREND

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

ROIC 3.36% +1.9pp
NOPAT Margin 1.26% +0.6pp
Capital Turnover 2.67x +0.32x
Average Invested Capital 17,373.0bn +928.0bn

Balance Sheet

ROIC is improving — the asset structure below shows how capital is being allocated. Capital structure is balanced — liabilities at 1.72x equity, net debt at 0.76x equity.

Inventory ended the period at 6,417.6bn, roughly 22.9% of total assets.

Over the last 12 months, working capital released 333.3bn of cash, mainly thanks to lower receivables and lower inventories. Pressure from lower payables only partly offset that benefit.

Working Capital Drivers

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables decreased → higher CFO: +85.3bn
Inventories decreased → higher CFO: +288.0bn
Payables decreased → lower CFO: −40.0bn

Working Capital Efficiency

Cash conversion cycle improved by 0.9 days versus the same period last year. The main moves came from DIO fell 6.7 days, DSO fell 0.2 days, and DPO fell 5.9 days.

Working capital cycle is flat — components are offsetting each other.

Working Capital Efficiency

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables 30.9 days −0.2 days
Inventory 46.8 days −6.7 days
Payables 18.3 days −5.9 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 59.3 days −0.9 days

Is financial risk significant?

Financial risk is low — leverage is safe, both CFO and FCF are positive.

Leverage & Liquidity

Leverage warrants monitoring, with net debt / equity at 0.76x and interest coverage only at 1.39x.

At present, short-term debt accounts for 81.5% of total debt, cash equals 19.1% of debt, and total debt stands at 9,876.6bn.

Watchpoints

Interest coverage is thin

Interest coverage is 1.39x, leaving limited room to absorb financing costs.

Short-term refinancing pressure is meaningful

Short-term debt accounts for 81.5% of total debt, raising near-term refinancing needs.

Leverage and liquidity trend

Net Debt / Equity 0.76x +0.04x
Interest Coverage 1.39x +0.65x
Cash / Debt 19.1% +0.7pp
Short-term Debt / Total Debt 81.5% +2.0pp
CFO / NI 1.19x +3.13x

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Cash Flow

With safe leverage noted above, cash flow below shows the self-funding capacity. Operating cash flow reached 701.1bn in 2025, against investing cash flow of -580.0bn.

Post-investment cash flow was positive +121.0bn. Financing cash flow was negative +366.1bn.

CFO / net income was 1.19x.

After spending +123.8bn on fixed-asset investment, the business generated trailing free cash flow of +567.7bn.

Cash Conversion

TTM Cash Conversion · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

CFO TTM 691.5bn +1,238.3bn
Cash Capex 123.8bn +94.3bn
FCF TTM +567.7bn +1,144.0bn

Investment Takeaway

The business is heading the right way, but the current picture is still at partial confirmation — not yet a fully clean case. The positive points have clearly improved, showing the operating base is better than before. The brighter spot is earnings conversion is confirmed, with CFO/NI at 1.19x. The main risk still sits in capital efficiency remains weak, with ROIC at 3.4%.

Improvement: earnings conversion looks more confirmed, with CFO / net income at 1.19x.

Key risk: Capital efficiency remains weak.

Statement Data

Item 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
Net Revenue
44,458.4 36,154.6 30,305.1 38,492.2 40,551.5
Cost of Goods Sold
42,638.7 34,964.8 29,305.9 37,765.6 0.0
Gross Profit
1,819.6 1,189.8 999.3 726.6 2,183.8
Financial Expenses
391.8 360.5 421.4 477.0 -309.2
Selling Expenses
471.3 304.9 284.5 299.0 -304.0
General and Administrative Expenses
912.8 725.1 614.4 673.5 -1,145.3
Operating Profit
624.3 207.5 -292.9 -754.8 1,123.6
Profit Before Tax
660.1 357.5 -251.8 -723.1 1,124.2
Net Income
577.5 310.0 -288.3 -760.4 951.4
Profit Attributable to Parent
546.4 286.4 -257.7 -771.2 799.1
Earnings per Share
806.00 422.00 -380.00 -1,137.00 1,307.00

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