SPM

SPM ·HOSE ·2026Q1

▼▼ Declining sharply

Margins remain under pressure Net margin 4.31%, −1.84pp YoY
Price
9,400
Latest close
29 May 2026
P/E 13.80x
P/B 0.16x
EPS 681
BVPS 57,028
ROE 1.2%
ROA 1.0%
Profit Margin 4.3%
Asset Turnover 0.22x
Equity Mult. 1.21x

TTM · Applied to: EPS, ROE, ROA, Net Margin, Asset Turnover, Debt/Equity

What Is Changing

On a TTM 2026Q1 basis, SPM is losing revenue quickly, though margins have not been hit proportionally yet — margins have been compressing consistently over multiple periods. This only holds if margins can continue to resist — if revenue stays weak, margin pressure will build.

TTM REVENUE
VND 217bn
−27.9%YoY
NET MARGIN
4.31%
−1.8ppYoY
TTM NET PROFIT
VND 9bn
−49.5%YoY
Metric Q1'26 Q4'25 Q3'25 Q2'25 Q1'25 Q4'24 Q3'24 Q2'24 Q1'24 Q4'23 Q3'23 Q2'23
Revenue 46.0 48.1 57.7 65.6 82.5 73.2 73.7 72.1 78.9 78.9 102.1 125.1
Growth -4% -17% -12% -20% +13% -1% +2% -9% -0% -23% -18%
Net Income 3.2 -3.0 5.1 4.1 3.1 10.2 1.2 4.0 1.3 0.4 3.7 5.0
Net Margin 6.99% -6.29% 8.79% 6.27% 3.82% 13.90% 1.66% 5.56% 1.60% 0.48% 3.64% 4.01%

Drivers of SPM's profit

TTM

Net profit attributable to parent declined vs last year, mainly due to higher administrative expenses. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Selling expenses ↓ 3.3bn
Finance costs ↓ 1.7bn
Administrative expenses ↑ 8.0bn
Gross profit ↓ 3.0bn
Other profit ↓ 2.3bn
Tax ↑ 1.1bn
TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs prior quarter, mainly helped by lower selling expenses. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Selling expenses ↓ 0.7bn
Administrative expenses ↓ 0.5bn
Finance costs ↓ 0.3bn
Financial income ↑ 0.0bn
Gross profit ↓ 1.4bn

Financial Highlights

Detailed analysis of each financial dimension

ROE = Profit Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier

2025Q1 2.3% = 6.2% × 0.30 × 1.24
2026Q1 1.2% = 4.3% × 0.22 × 1.21

ROE fell from 2.3% to 1.2% — all three components weakened, with asset turnover being the main drag.

Net margin: 4.3% -1.8pp Asset turnover: 0.22x -0.08x Leverage: 1.21x -0.03x

Is the profit sustainable?

Margins narrowed but earnings quality remains clean — pressure is mainly operational.

very positive positive stable watch under pressure

What is driving the margin?

Net margin fell to 4.31%, losing 1.8pp. The main pressure is SG&A / Revenue rose 6.6pp, outweighing the improvement in Gross margin rose 6.6pp (with lingering pressure from Other profit / Revenue fell 1.0pp and Net financial result / Revenue fell 0.1pp).

Margin is under pressure from multiple sides — temporary and structural components need to be separated to properly assess the risk.

Profitability trend

Net Margin 4.31% −1.8pp
Gross Margin 27.38% +6.6pp
SG&A / Revenue 17.95% +6.6pp

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Is capital being used efficiently?

Evaluate capital, asset, and working-capital efficiency.

Is capital being deployed efficiently?

ROIC narrowed to 1.18%, falling 0.8pp. That translates to 1.18 in after-tax operating profit for every 100 units of operating capital. Both NOPAT margin narrowed 1.1pp and capital turnover fell 0.08x, with invested capital holding roughly steady — pressure came from both operational efficiency and asset efficiency.

Both margin and turnover weakened — this is a broad-based decline, and cyclical versus structural components need to be separated.

Watchpoints

ROIC remains low

ROIC is currently 1.18% — below the typical cost-of-capital threshold; worth tracking whether upcoming periods can rise above this level.

CAPITAL EFFICIENCY TREND

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

ROIC 1.18% −0.8pp
NOPAT Margin 4.92% −1.1pp
Capital Turnover 0.24x −0.08x
Average Invested Capital 907.4bn −35.8bn

Balance Sheet

Capital structure is conservative with low leverage — liabilities at 0.17x equity, net debt at 0.10x equity.

Over the last 12 months, working capital released 17.9bn of cash, mainly thanks to lower receivables and higher payables. Pressure from higher inventories only partly offset that benefit.

Working Capital Drivers

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables decreased → higher CFO: +20.0bn
Inventories increased → lower CFO: −9.1bn
Payables increased → higher CFO: +7.0bn

Working Capital Efficiency

Cash conversion cycle lengthened by 381.7 days versus the same period last year. The main moves came from DIO rose 49.0 days, DSO rose 351.9 days, and DPO rose 19.2 days.

Working capital cycle lengthened mainly due to slower receivables collection — receivables quality needs monitoring.

Watchpoints

Cash conversion cycle remains stretched

CCC stands at 1385.2 days, suggesting that working capital remains tied up for a relatively long operating cycle.

Receivables collection is slowing

DSO increased by +351.9 days, pointing to slower receivables turnover.

Working Capital Efficiency

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables 1323.9 days +351.9 days
Inventory 114.6 days +49.0 days
Payables 53.3 days +19.2 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 1385.2 days +381.7 days

Is financial risk significant?

Financial risk is low — leverage is safe, both CFO and FCF are positive.

Leverage & Liquidity

Leverage is balanced for now, with net debt / equity at 0.10x and interest coverage at 2.31x.

At present, short-term debt accounts for 100.0% of total debt, cash equals 2.4% of debt, and total debt stands at 85.3bn.

Watchpoints

Short-term refinancing pressure is meaningful

Short-term debt accounts for 100.0% of total debt, raising near-term refinancing needs.

Cash buffer is thin relative to debt

Cash / debt stands at 2.4%, leaving limited liquidity buffer to monitor.

Leverage and liquidity trend

Net Debt / Equity 0.10x −0.05x
Interest Coverage 2.31x −0.23x
Cash / Debt 2.4% +2.1pp
Short-term Debt / Total Debt 100.0% 0.0pp
CFO / NI 6.51x +4.84x

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Cash Flow

With safe leverage noted above, cash flow below shows the self-funding capacity. Operating cash flow reached 62.0bn in 2025, against investing cash flow of -12.0bn.

Post-investment cash flow was positive +50.0bn. Financing cash flow was negative +77.4bn.

CFO / net income was 6.51x.

After spending +11.1bn on fixed-asset investment, the business generated trailing free cash flow of +50.0bn.

Cash Conversion

TTM Cash Conversion · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

CFO TTM 61.1bn +30.0bn
Cash Capex 11.1bn +6.0bn
FCF TTM +50.0bn +24.0bn

Investment Takeaway

The business is showing a few weaker signals, but the current magnitude is not yet clear enough to conclude that this is a broader weakening phase. The brighter spot is earnings conversion is confirmed, with CFO/NI at 6.51x. The main risk still sits in core profitability, with net margin down 1.8 pp.

Improvement: earnings conversion looks more confirmed, with CFO / net income at 6.51x.

Key risk: profitability remains under pressure, with trailing-12M net margin at 4.31% after a 1.8pp decline versus the same period last year.

Statement Data

Item 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
Net Revenue
254.0 297.8 406.1 697.2 709.9
Cost of Goods Sold
193.1 237.1 336.4 617.2 0.0
Gross Profit
60.9 60.7 69.7 80.0 84.9
Financial Expenses
6.5 7.7 12.1 11.9 -12.4
Selling Expenses
19.3 23.2 22.9 22.9 -33.0
General and Administrative Expenses
35.3 26.2 16.3 15.3 -13.3
Operating Profit
0.3 3.7 18.8 30.8 26.4
Profit Before Tax
-0.1 4.1 16.5 30.5 26.2
Net Income
-1.7 4.6 12.1 23.9 20.2
Profit Attributable to Parent
-1.7 4.6 12.1 23.9 20.2
Earnings per Share
-123.00 335.00 880.00 1,735.00 1,466.00

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