PAC

Pin Ắc quy Miền Nam ·HOSE ·2026Q1

▼ Slightly negative

Capital efficiency remains weak ROE 4.90%, −1.44pp YoY
Price
22,250
Latest close
03 Jun 2026
P/E 13.24x
P/B 1.48x
EPS 1,680
BVPS 15,006
ROE 10.8%
ROA 4.1%
Profit Margin 3.1%
Asset Turnover 1.32x
Equity Mult. 2.66x

TTM · Applied to: EPS, ROE, ROA, Net Margin, Asset Turnover, Debt/Equity

What Is Changing

On a TTM 2026Q1 basis, PAC is maintaining revenue, but margins are compressing slightly — profit momentum has been slowing across consecutive periods. What remains unclear is whether this is a short-term fluctuation or costs are starting to outpace revenue.

TTM REVENUE
VND 3,604bn
+10.1%YoY
NET MARGIN
3.07%
−0.8ppYoY
TTM NET PROFIT
VND 111bn
−13.6%YoY
Metric Q1'26 Q4'25 Q3'25 Q2'25 Q1'25 Q4'24 Q3'24 Q2'24 Q1'24 Q4'23 Q3'23 Q2'23
Revenue 879.3 909.4 909.1 906.1 861.9 762.3 796.9 851.0 795.2 862.9 672.8 807.6
Growth -3% +0% +0% +5% +13% -4% -6% +7% -8% +28% -17%
Net Income 22.1 33.1 16.2 39.1 29.1 32.3 32.3 34.2 27.8 34.9 21.1 33.0
Net Margin 2.51% 3.64% 1.79% 4.32% 3.38% 4.23% 4.05% 4.02% 3.50% 4.05% 3.13% 4.09%

Drivers of PAC's profit

TTM

Net profit attributable to parent declined vs last year, mainly due to higher selling expenses. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Tax ↓ 7.1bn
Financial income ↑ 3.0bn
Administrative expenses ↓ 2.3bn
Selling expenses ↑ 22.1bn
Gross profit ↓ 8.1bn
Finance costs ↑ 2.1bn
TTM

Net profit attributable to parent declined vs prior quarter, mainly due to higher selling expenses. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Financial income ↑ 4.0bn
Tax ↓ 4.0bn
Selling expenses ↑ 9.2bn
Gross profit ↓ 3.7bn
Finance costs ↑ 1.3bn

Financial Highlights

Detailed analysis of each financial dimension

ROE = Profit Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier

2025Q1 13.1% = 3.9% × 1.28 × 2.62
2026Q1 10.8% = 3.1% × 1.32 × 2.66

ROE fell from 13.1% to 10.8% — net margin weakened the most, though asset turnover and leverage still provided support.

Net margin: 3.1% -0.8pp Asset turnover: 1.32x +0.04x Leverage: 2.66x +0.05x

Is the profit sustainable?

Margins narrowed but earnings quality remains clean — pressure is mainly operational.

very positive positive stable watch under pressure

What is driving the margin?

Net margin narrowed to 3.07%, falling 0.8pp. The main pressure is Gross margin fell 1.4pp, outweighing the improvement in SG&A / Revenue fell 0.1pp (with additional support from Net financial result / Revenue rose 0.1pp and Other profit / Revenue rose 0.0pp).

The pressure comes from core operations — this is a concerning type of decline, not a one-off movement.

Profitability trend

Net Margin 3.07% −0.8pp
Gross Margin 11.59% −1.4pp
SG&A / Revenue 7.41% −0.1pp

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Is capital being used efficiently?

Capital efficiency is declining — check whether the drag is from margins or turnover.

Is capital being deployed efficiently?

ROIC narrowed to 4.90%, falling 1.4pp. That translates to 4.90 in after-tax operating profit for every 100 units of operating capital. The main pressure came from NOPAT margin narrowed 0.9pp, outweighing the movement in capital turnover; while invested capital rose by 188bn.

Pressure came from the margin side — core operations are weakening, not just a temporary asset-management issue.

Watchpoints

ROIC remains low

ROIC is currently 4.90% — below the typical cost-of-capital threshold; worth tracking whether upcoming periods can rise above this level.

CAPITAL EFFICIENCY TREND

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

ROIC 4.90% −1.4pp
NOPAT Margin 2.98% −0.9pp
Capital Turnover 1.64x +0.01x
Average Invested Capital 2,193.2bn +187.7bn

Balance Sheet

ROIC declined — the balance sheet shows how capital is being deployed. Leverage is elevated, requiring monitoring — liabilities at 1.67x equity, net debt at 1.28x equity.

Inventory ended the period at 731.6bn, roughly 26.7% of total assets.

Over the last 12 months, working capital absorbed 4.4bn of cash, mainly because of higher receivables and higher inventories. Part of that drag was offset by higher payables.

Working Capital Drivers

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables increased → lower CFO: −13.4bn
Inventories increased → lower CFO: −36.4bn
Payables increased → higher CFO: +45.4bn

Working Capital Efficiency

Working capital is being managed more efficiently, supporting overall capital efficiency. Cash conversion cycle improved by 10.1 days versus the same period last year. The main moves came from DIO fell 5.9 days, DSO fell 9.0 days, and DPO fell 4.8 days.

Improvement comes mainly from faster receivables collection — reflects the quality of receivables management.

Working Capital Efficiency

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables 30.0 days −9.0 days
Inventory 80.9 days −5.9 days
Payables 22.9 days −4.8 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 88.0 days −10.1 days

Is financial risk significant?

Leverage is safe but FCF is negative at 24.8bn due to capex of 155.3bn — an investment choice, not an urgent risk.

Leverage & Liquidity

Leverage warrants monitoring, with net debt / equity at 1.28x and interest coverage only at 2.25x.

At present, short-term debt accounts for 99.6% of total debt, cash equals 6.8% of debt, and total debt stands at 1,433.4bn.

Watchpoints

Net leverage is elevated

Net debt / equity stands at 1.28x, increasing balance-sheet pressure.

Short-term refinancing pressure is meaningful

Short-term debt accounts for 99.6% of total debt, raising near-term refinancing needs.

Leverage and liquidity trend

Net Debt / Equity 1.28x +0.27x
Interest Coverage 2.25x −0.54x
Cash / Debt 6.8% −2.8pp
Short-term Debt / Total Debt 99.6% +0.6pp
CFO / NI 1.18x +0.28x

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Cash Flow

With safe leverage noted above, cash flow below shows the self-funding capacity. Operating cash flow reached 14.5bn in 2025, against investing cash flow of -182.3bn.

Post-investment cash flow was negative +167.8bn. Financing cash flow was positive +66.2bn.

CFO / net income was 1.18x.

After spending +155.3bn on fixed-asset investment, the business generated trailing free cash flow of −24.8bn.

Cash Conversion

TTM Cash Conversion · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

CFO TTM 130.5bn +15.7bn
Cash Capex 155.3bn +47.8bn
FCF TTM −24.8bn −32.1bn

Investment Takeaway

The business is showing a few weaker signals, but the current magnitude is not yet clear enough to conclude that this is a broader weakening phase. The brighter spot is earnings conversion is confirmed, with CFO/NI at 1.18x. The main risk still sits in capital efficiency remains weak, with ROIC at 4.9%.

Improvement: earnings conversion looks more confirmed, with CFO / net income at 1.18x.

Key risk: Capital efficiency remains weak.

Statement Data

Item 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
Net Revenue
3,586.6 3,205.4 3,184.9 3,398.7 3,048.5
Cost of Goods Sold
3,164.2 2,789.4 2,751.2 2,915.4 0.0
Gross Profit
422.4 416.0 433.8 483.3 446.8
Financial Expenses
62.5 60.2 75.7 94.4 -52.5
Selling Expenses
187.7 173.4 202.0 191.0 -206.7
General and Administrative Expenses
69.6 64.9 60.7 62.5 -51.9
Operating Profit
148.2 163.7 153.8 201.4 206.3
Profit Before Tax
150.2 164.3 154.3 201.0 222.4
Net Income
117.7 126.6 115.2 157.9 173.8
Profit Attributable to Parent
117.7 126.6 115.2 157.9 173.8
Earnings per Share
1,519.00 2,452.00 2,231.00 3,059.00 3,366.00

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